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  3. Large animals that inhabit the desert have evolved a number of adaptations f

Large animals that inhabit the desert have evolved a number of adaptations f

游客2025-04-08  23
问题     Large animals that inhabit the desert have evolved a number of adaptations for reducing the effects of extreme heat.【C1】______adaptation is to be light in color, and to【C2】______rather than absorb the sun’s rays. Desert mammals also depart from the normal mammalian practice of maintaining a 【C3】______body temperature.【C4】______trying to keep down the body temperature deep inside the body, which would involve the expenditure of water and energy, desert mammals allow their temperatures to rise to what would normally be fever【C5】______, and temperatures as high as 46 degrees Celsius have been measured in gazelles(瞪羚羊).
    Another strategy of large desert animals is to tolerate the loss of body water to a point【C6】______would be fatal for non-adapted animals. The camel can lose up to 30 percent of its body weight as water without harm to itself,【C7】______human beings die after losing only 12 to 13 percent of their body weight. An equally important adaptation is the ability to【C8】______this water loss at one drink. Desert animals can drink prodigious’ volumes in a short time, and camels have been known to 【C9】______over 100 liters in a few minutes. A very dehydrated person,【C10】______, cannot drink enough water to rehydrate at one【C11】______, because the human stomach is not sufficiently big and because a too rapid【C12】______of the body fluids causes death from water intoxication. The 【C13】______of water loss is of obvious advantage in the desert, as animals do not have to remain 【C14】______a water hole but can obtain food from grazing sparse and far-flung pastures. Desert-adapted mammals have the further ability to feed normally when extremely dehydrated; it is a common experience in people that appetite is lost even【C15】______conditions of moderate thirst. [br] 【C12】
选项 A、dilution
B、watering
C、mixture
D、thickening
答案 A
解析 名词词义辨析。根据句意，因为人类脱水后一次摄入太多水，会造成water intoxication(水中毒)而死亡。watering“洒水，浇灌”；mixture跟后面的fluids“液体”不搭配，因为只有水不能称为“混合物”；thickening“使变黏稠”，故三个均不合句意，只有dilution“稀释”可选。句意为“体液的迅速稀释会造成水中毒而使人死亡”。故答案为A。
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