2. 职称英语
  3. That experiences influence subsequent behavior is evidence of an obvious but

That experiences influence subsequent behavior is evidence of an obvious but

游客2025-03-25  17
问题     That experiences influence subsequent behavior is evidence of an obvious but nevertheless remarkable activity called "remembering" . Learning could not occur without the function popularly named memory. Constant practice has such an effect on memory as to lead to skillful performance on the piano, to recitation of a poem, and even to reading and understanding these words. So-called intelligent behavior demands memory, remembering being a primary requirement for reasoning. The ability to solve any problem or even to recognize that a problem exists depends on memory. Typically, the decision to cross a street is based on remembering many earlier experiences.
    Practice(or review)tends to build and maintain memory for a task or for any learned material. Over a period of no practice what has been learned tends to be forgotten; and the adaptive consequences may not seem obvious. Yet, dramatic instances of sudden forgetting can be seen to be adaptive. In this sense, the ability to forget can be interpreted to having survived through a process of natural selection in animals. Indeed, when one’s memory of an emotionally painful experience leads to serious anxiety, forgetting may produce relief. Nevertheless, an evolutionary interpretation might make it difficult to understand how the commonly gradual process of forgetting survived natural selection.
    In thinking about the evolution of memory together with all its possible aspects, it is helpful to consider what would happen if memories failed to fade. Forgetting clearly aids ori-entation in time, since old memories weaken and the new tend to stand out, providing clues for inferring duration. Without forgetting, adaptive ability would suffer; for example, learned behavior that might have been correct a decade ago may no longer be. Cases are recorded of people who (by ordinary standards) forgot so little that their everyday activities were full of confusion. Thus forgetting seems to serve the survival of the individual and the species. [br] The tone of the passage can best be described as
选项 A、hypothetical
B、humorous
C、exaggerative
D、philosophical
答案 D
解析 humorous意为“诙谐，幽默”，exaggerative意为“夸张”，它们都不适合用于描述科学性的文章。hypothetical意为“假设”，文章中并没有用到假设的方法。经分析可知这篇科学性的文章作者是用哲学(科学)的口吻来阐述问题的。因此本题的正确答案为D。
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