That experiences influence subsequent behavior is evidence of an obvious but

游客2025-03-25 61

问题 That experiences influence subsequent behavior is evidence of an obvious but nevertheless remarkable activity called "remembering" . Learning could not occur without the function popularly named memory. Constant practice has such an effect on memory as to lead to skillful performance on the piano, to recitation of a poem, and even to reading and understanding these words. So-called intelligent behavior demands memory, remembering being a primary requirement for reasoning. The ability to solve any problem or even to recognize that a problem exists depends on memory. Typically, the decision to cross a street is based on remembering many earlier experiences.
Practice(or review)tends to build and maintain memory for a task or for any learned material. Over a period of no practice what has been learned tends to be forgotten; and the adaptive consequences may not seem obvious. Yet, dramatic instances of sudden forgetting can be seen to be adaptive. In this sense, the ability to forget can be interpreted to having survived through a process of natural selection in animals. Indeed, when one’s memory of an emotionally painful experience leads to serious anxiety, forgetting may produce relief. Nevertheless, an evolutionary interpretation might make it difficult to understand how the commonly gradual process of forgetting survived natural selection.
In thinking about the evolution of memory together with all its possible aspects, it is helpful to consider what would happen if memories failed to fade. Forgetting clearly aids ori-entation in time, since old memories weaken and the new tend to stand out, providing clues for inferring duration. Without forgetting, adaptive ability would suffer; for example, learned behavior that might have been correct a decade ago may no longer be. Cases are recorded of people who (by ordinary standards) forgot so little that their everyday activities were full of confusion. Thus forgetting seems to serve the survival of the individual and the species. [br] What does the expression "if memories failed to fade"(Line 2, Para. 3)mean?

选项 A、If people could not memorize things well.
B、If memories did not go slowly out and disappear.
C、If people could not impress their failures on mind.
D、If people could not succeed in controlling their memory.

答案 B

解析 without forgetting…的意思是“如果没有了忘记……”。文章第三段第二句话讲到：忘记有助于时间的定位，因为旧的记忆减弱了，新的记忆会变得清晰，为推断持久性提供线索。由此可以看出本题的正确答案为B。

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