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  3. In 1924 America’s National Research Council sent two engineers to supervise

In 1924 America’s National Research Council sent two engineers to supervise

游客2025-01-29  29
问题     In 1924 America’s National Research Council sent two engineers to supervise a series of industrial experiments at a large telephone-parts factory called the Hawthorne Plant near Chicago. It hoped they would learn how shop-floor lighting【C1】________workers’ productivity. Instead, the studies ended【C2】________giving their name to the "Hawthorne effect", the extremely influential idea that the very【C3】________of being experimented upon changes subjects’ behavior.
    The idea arose because of the【C4】________behavior of the women in the Hawthorne plant. According to【C5】________of the experiments, their hourly output rose when lighting was increased, but also when it was dimmed. It did not【C6】________what was done in the experiment; 【C7】________something was changed, productivity rose. A(n) 【C8】________that they were being experimented upon seemed to be【C9】________to alter workers’ behavior【C10】________itself.
    After several decades, the same data were【C11】________to econometric analysis. Hawthorne experiments had another surprise in store. 【C12】________the descriptions on record, no systematic【C13】________was found that levels of productivity were related to changes in lighting. It turns out that the peculiar way of conducting the experiments may have led to       【C14】________interpretation of what happened.【C15】________lighting was always changed on Sunday. When work started again on Monday, output【C16】________rose compared with the previous Saturday and【C17】________to rise for the next couple of days.【C18】________       a comparison with data for weeks when there was no experimentation showed that output always went up on Monday, workers【C19】________to be diligent for the first few days of the week in any case, before【C20】________a plateau and then slackening off. This suggests that the alleged "Hawthorne effect" is hard to pin down. [br] 【C8】
选项 A、awareness
B、expectation
C、sentiment
D、illusion
答案 A
解析 awareness(意识。认识)；expectation(期望，预期)；sentiment(感情，情绪)；illusion(幻觉，错觉)。分析句子结构可知，空格后的that从句作空格处所填名词的同位语。也就是说，所填名词表示一个抽象的概念。由此看出，只有A项awareness(意识)符合上下文语义和语境。句意：只要人们意识到自己是实验对象，这一意识本身似乎就足以改变他们的行为了。所以选项A为答案。
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