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  3. People have wondered for a long time how their personalities and behaviors a

People have wondered for a long time how their personalities and behaviors a

游客2024-05-20  24
问题     People have wondered for a long time how their personalities and behaviors are formed. It is not easy to explain why one person is intelligent and another is not,【C1】______why one is cooperative and another is competitive.
    Social scientists are, of course, extremely interested in these types of questions. They want to explain why we possess certain characteristics and【C2】______certain behaviors. There are no【C3】______answers yet, but two distinct schools of thought on the matter have【C4】______. As one might expect, the two【C5】______are very different from one another, and there is a great deal of【C6】______between proponents (支持者 ) of each theory. The controversy is often【C7】______to as "nature vs. nurture".
    Those who support the "nature" side of the conflict believe that our personalities and behavior patterns are【C8】______determined by biological and【C9】______factors. That our environment has【C10】______. if anything, to do with our abilities, characteristics and behaviors is central to this theory. Taken to an extreme, this theory maintains that our behavior is predetermined【C11】______such a great degree that we are almost completely 【C12】______ by our instincts.
    Proponents of the "nurture" theory, or,【C13】______they are often called, behaviorists, claim that our environment is more important than our biologically based instincts in【C14】______how we will act. A behaviorist, B.F. Skinner, sees humans as beings whose behavior is almost completely【C15】______by their surroundings. The behaviorists’ view of the human being is quite mechanistic; they【C16】______that, like machines, humans【C17】______to environmental stimuli as the【C18】______of their behavior.
    【C19】______of these theories can yet fully explain human behavior. In fact, it is quite likely that the key to our behavior【C20】______somewhere between these two extremes. That the controversy will continue for a long time is certain. [br] 【C5】
选项 A、manners
B、strategies
C、means
D、approaches
答案 D
解析 语义衔接题。由the two可知，本空所填词应指代的是前句提到的two distinct schools ofthought，故答案为[D]approaches“方法”，在这指两个派别用来解释人们行为和性格的方法，即下文的先天论和后天论。[A]manners多指行动的特殊方式；[B]strategies“战略”不用来指人们对事物的解释方法；[C]means指为达到某种目的或目标而采用的方法、手段或途径。
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