There was one thought that air pollution affected only the area immediately

游客2024-01-16 34

问题 There was one thought that air pollution affected only the area immediately around large cities with factories and heavy automobile traffic. At present, we realize that although these are the areas with the worst air pollution, the problem is literally worldwide. On several occasions over the past decade, a heavy cloud of air pollution has covered the east of the United States and brought health warnings in rural areas away from any major concentration of manufacturing and automobile traffic. In fact, the very climate of the entire earth may be infected by air pollution. Some scientists consider that the increasing concentration of carbon dioxide in the air resulting from the burning of fossil fuels (coal and oil) is creating a "greenhouse effect"—conserving heat reflected from the earth and raising the world’s average temperature. If this view is correct and the world’s temperature is raised only a few degrees, much of the polar ice cap will melt and cities such as New York, Boston, Miami, and New Orleans will be in water.
Another view, less widely held, is that increasing particular matter in the atmosphere is blocking sunlight and lowering the earth’s temperature—a result that would be equally disastrous. A drop of just a few degrees could create something close to a new ice age, and would make agriculture difficult or impossible in many of our top fanning areas. Today we do not know for sure that either of these conditions will happen (though one recent government report drafted by experts in the field concluded that the greenhouse effect is very possible). Perhaps, if we are lucky enough, the two tendencies will offset each other and the world’s temperature will stay about the same as it is now. [br] It can be concluded that ______.

选项 A、raising the world’s temperature only a few degrees would not do much harm to life on earth
B、lowering the world’s temperature merely a few degrees would lead many major farming areas to disaster
C、almost no temperature variations have occurred over the past decade
D、the world’s temperature will remain constant in the years to come

答案 B

解析推理判断题。文章第二段第二句提到降温几度就能导致农业生产困难甚至无法生产，这对农业来说无疑是巨大的灾难，所以B选项正确。根据第一段可知，温室效应可能导致南极冰雪融化，将纽约等城市淹没，排除A“全球变暖不会给地球生活带来危害”；根据常识，近几十年气温在逐渐升高，所以C选项错误；作者在文中提到空气污染严重影响全球气温的变化，所以只要污染存在，气温就不可能恒定不变，D选项太绝对。故选B。

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