2. 职称英语
  3. Opinion polls are now beginning to show a reluctant consensus that, whoever i

Opinion polls are now beginning to show a reluctant consensus that, whoever i

游客2023-12-17  61
问题    Opinion polls are now beginning to show a reluctant consensus that, whoever is to blame and whatever happens from now on, high unemployment is probably here to stay. This means we shah have to find ways of sharing the available employment more widely.     
   But we need to go further. We must ask some fundamental questions about the future of work. Should we continue to treat employment as the norm? Should we not rather encourage many other ways for serf-respecting people to work? Should we not create conditions in which many of us can work for ourselves, rather than for an employer? Should we not aim to revive the household and the neighbourhood, as well as the factory and the office, as centres of production and work?
   The industrial age has been the only period of human history in which most people’s work has taken the form of jobs. The industrial age may now be coming to an end, and some of the changes in work patterns which it brought may have to be reversed. This seems a daunting thought. But, in fact, it could offer the prospect of a better future of work. Universal employment, as its history shows, has not meant economic freedom.
   Employment became widespread when the enclosures of the 17th and 18th centuries made many people dependent on paid work by depriving them of the use of the land, and thus of the means to provide a living for themselves. Then the factory system destroyed the cottage industries and removed work from people’s homes. Later, as transport improved, first by rail and then by road, people commuted longer distances to their places of employment until, eventually, many people’s work lost all connection with their home lives and the places in which they lived.
   Meanwhile, employment put women at a disadvantage. In preindustrial times, men and women had shared the productive work of the household and village community. Now it became customary for the husband to go out to pay employment, leaving the unpaid work of the home and family to his wife. Tax and benefit regulations still assume this norm today, and restrict more flexible sharing of work roles between the sexes.
   It was not only women whose work status suffered. As employment became the dominant form of work, young people and old people were excluded -- a problem now, as more teenagers become frustrated at school and more retired people want to live active lives.
   All this may now have to change. The time has certainly come to switch some effort and re sources away from the utopian goal of creating jobs for all, to the urgent practical task of helping many people to manage without full times jobs. [br] The word "revive" in paragraph 2 meant that
选项 A、make active again
B、study again
C、go over again
D、find the value again
答案 A
解析 该题问：revive一词(第二段中)是什么意思？文章第二段提到我们应做的一些事情，比如可以鼓励人们以其他方式谋生，可以鼓励他们为自己工作，而不是为雇主工作，也可以为复兴家务和社区工作，就如同工厂和公司的工作一样必不可少。根据题意，这里正确答案应是A。
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