2. 职称英语
  3. It is of course true that in a certain sense the individual is predestined

It is of course true that in a certain sense the individual is predestined

游客2023-11-30  42
问题     It is of course true that in a certain sense the individual is
predestined to talk, but that is due entirely to the circumstance,
that is, he is born not merely in nature, but in the lap of a society
that is certain, reasonably certain, to lead him to their traditions.【S1】______
Eliminate society and it is every reason to believe that he will【S2】______
learn to walk, and, indeed, he will survive at all. But it is just
as certain as that he will never learn to talk, that is, to【S3】______
communicate ideas according to the tradition system of a【S4】______
particular society. Or, again, remove the newborn individual
from the social environment into which he has come and
transplant him to an utterly alien one. He will develop the art of
walking in his new environment very much as he will have【S5】______
developed it in the old. But his speech will completely at variance【S6】______
with the speech of his native environment. Walking, then, is a
general human activity that varies only within circumscribed limits
as we pass from individual to individual. Its variability is voluntary【S7】______
and purposeless. Speech is a human activity that varies without
assignable limit as we pass from social group to social group,
because it is a pure historical heritage of the group, the product of【S8】______
long-continued social usage. It varies as all creative effort varies—
not as consciously, perhaps, but none the less as truly as do the
religions, the beliefs, the customs, and the arts of different people.【S9】______
Walking is an organic, an instinctive function(not, of course,
itself an instinct); speech is a non-instinctive, acquiring,【S10】______
"cultural" function. [br] 【S7】
选项
答案 voluntary—involuntary
解析 语义错误。and前后的成分在形式和感情色彩上应保持一致，根据上文语义以及purposeless可知，本句的意思是“这种变化是无意识、无目的的。”voluntary表示“故意的”，不符合语义，应使用involuntary“无意识的”。
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