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资料：It’s easy to trace the evolution of t

admin2022-08-02  11
问题 资料：It’s easy to trace the evolution of the automobile.At most，we’re only talking about a few centuries of technological development，and most of the plans，prototypes and models are still around. With just a little research，you can easily trace the latest model electric hybrid back to its steam-powered ancestors.Your family tree is probably a different matter. Even an extensive genealogy chart can only reach back so far，and mortality puts a rather strict limit on exactly how many “models” are still on the road. Humanity’s evolutionary progression is even more difficult. We still have plenty of living primate relatives，but many of the life forms that connect the evolutionary dots are long extinct.Evolutionary biologists use several methods to decipher exactly how we came to be as we are.In fact，the field itself encompasses several different disciplines in addition to biology，like genetics，psychology，geology，archaeology linguistics，anthropology and primatology just to name a few. Naturally，paleoanthropology also plays a key role，as we have to turn to the fossil record for many clues about our ancient primate，human and nearly human ancestors.While the fossil record by its very nature is incomplete，there’s no shortage of fossil evidence to link the planet’s varied life forms into a great tree of life， a chart that scientists call a phylogenetic tree. You can think of humans as the very tip of just one branch on that tree called “hominid.” Chimpanzees exist at the end of an adjoining branch called “panin.” Follow both the hominid and panin branch back about 5.4 million years， and you’ll find a point where scientists think the two converged from a single，common ancestor.Fossil evidence helps scientists to reconstruct these trees，but so do morphological and genetic studlies. Genetic analysis has yielded striking similarities between chimps and humans. As such， scientists know a last common ancestor of chimps and humans existed，even if we’ve yet to determine the exact species. Yet paleoanthropologists have found numerous hominid fossils to bridge the evolutionary progression from that unknown common ancestor to modern humans. These finds include such famous East African fossils as Lucy（Australopithecus afarensis），which strengthened the importance of bipedalism in human evolution and proved an essential milestone on our way to modern Homo sapiens.Fossil evidence for human evolution will never be complete，as fossils themselves are rare geologic occurrences.Nevertheless，by incorporating other scientific disciplines，we’re able to build an increasingly accurate picture of just what our evolutionary family tree consisted of.What can be inferred from Para.5?A.Morpholoical and genetic studies helped scientists to trace unknown common ancestor of chimps and humans existed.B.Morphological and genetic studies determined exact species of common ancestor of chimps and humans existed.C.Genetic studies found hominid fossils to bridge the evolutionary progression from unknown common ancestor to modern humans.D.Morphological studies helped finding the famous East African fossils and set up an milestone in this field.
选项 A.Morpholoical and genetic studies helped scientists to trace unknown common ancestor of chimps and humans existed.
B.Morphological and genetic studies determined exact species of common ancestor of chimps and humans existed.
C.Genetic studies found hominid fossils to bridge the evolutionary progression from unknown common ancestor to modern humans.
D.Morphological studies helped finding the famous East African fossils and set up an milestone in this field.
答案 C
解析 题目意为“根据第五段可推断出？”选项A意为“形态学和遗传学研究帮助科学家追踪黑猩猩和人类的未知共同祖先。”原文说的是基因研究帮助科学家追踪到黑猩猩和人类的共同祖先，此项错误。。选项B意为“形态学和遗传学研究确定了黑猩猩和人类共同祖先的确切种类。”根据原文，并无法确定黑猩猩和人类共同祖先的确切种类，此项错误。选项C意为“遗传学研究发现，人类化石是连接从未知的共同祖先到现代人类的进化过程的桥梁。”根据主题句，此项正确。选项D意为“形态学研究有助于发现著名的东非化石，并在这一领域建立了一个里程碑。”原文并未提到是形态学有助于发现化石，此项错误。
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