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资料：Google and Uber have grabbed most of

题库2022-08-02  7
问题 资料：Google and Uber have grabbed most of the attention regarding the advent of self-driving cars, but on Sunday, Lyft threw down the ultimate challenge: A majority of autonomous vehicles for Lyft within a mere five years.　　  The bold claim was made by Lyft co-founder John Zimmer in a post on Medium outlining his company's vision for the next decade. 　　"Within five years a fully autonomous fleet of cars will provide the majority of Lyft rides across the country," said Zimmer, indicating that early versions of such cars have been in operation in San Francisco and Phoenix. 　　Usually when tech founders lay out their vision, it’s typical to hear grand claims that almost push the boundaries of believability. That's what tech innovation is about. But in the case of self-driving cars, the situation is a bit more complicated.   　　Uber has already begun rolling out self-driving car tests in Pittsburgh and Google is hard at work on the same kind of solution on the West Coast. Therefore, talk of getting self-driving cars on the road is, at this point, less about the technology and more about logistics. We know Google has enough cash to triple down on any initiative it decides to tackle. And as the current ride-sharing leader in the U.S., Uber has enough market share-powered credibility that a future including self-driving Uber cars isn't unrealistic.   　　Today there are some internet-based ride sharing system but to overcome the critical mass the system has to be real-time, automated and extremely easy to use. 　　However in the case of Lyft, which continues to struggle against Uber (one report claims that Uber has over 80 percent market share in the U.S.), such a short timeline toward rolling out a fleet of self-driving cars seems somewhat ambitious. Nevertheless, Zimmer continues his vision essay with even more bold predictions.  　　"By 2025, private car ownership will all but end in major U.S. cities," says Zimmer, a prediction that, if it turns out to be true, would mean it would take just eight years for the majority of the human-driven cars on U.S. roads to disappear. Possible? Sure. Likely? Eight years seems like, once again, a bit of wishful thinking on Zimmer's part.  　　Remember, it hasn't even been 10 years since the arrival of the iPhone, and as recent events prove, smartphones are still a category that can yield catastrophic results if not done right. And those are just mobile devices, not vehicles entrusted with transporting and protecting human lives. 　　To be fair, Zimmer's essay does offer some facts and figures in an attempt to back up his positions, but much of it doesn't appear to take into account variables such as the heavily embedded interests of automobile companies still relying on consumer auto sales, as well as the many legal and roadway logistics that will need to be addressed in order to bring about this massive transformation in such a short time.  　　Oddly, Zimmer's vision does little to address the millions of human jobs that will be lost once self-driving cars displace not only taxi drivers, but truck drivers.  　　"We believe that in the first five or more years following the introduction of autonomous vehicles, the need for human drivers will actually increase, not decrease," writes Zimmer. "When autonomous cars can only solve a portion of those trips, more Lyft drivers will be needed to provide service to the growing market of former car owners," writes Zimmer. 　　But what about after five years, when autonomous cars can provide full service? What about the human drivers? The pushback from human drivers losing work will likely be another, major ripple in the evolution of self-driving cars, as well as other automated systems entering U.S. society in coming years.  　　However, none of these logistical issues diminish Zimmer's ideas. His vision of the future of autonomous vehicles seems quite logical and in step with most who work in and watch the space closely. But the speed bump in accepting his vision wholesale is his ambitious self-driving car timeline in general, and for Lyft in particular. 　A.Mr.Zimmer’s idea is that now we are at the critical moment in history, we should take decisive action whether taking the right path or not.B.Mr Zimmer thinks the introduction of the autonomous vehicles will not cause the unemployment and surely will increase the employment because such car drivers will be needed to provide service.C.The author has argued that although there are still some problems in Mr. Zimmer’s predication but the general direction of realizing self-driving cars will be correct.D.Mr.Zimmer provides some variable factors such as companies profits and leagal procedure problems in order to realize the massive transformation of self-driving cars in such a short of time.
选项 A.Mr.Zimmer’s idea is that now we are at the critical moment in history, we should take decisive action whether taking the right path or not.
B.Mr Zimmer thinks the introduction of the autonomous vehicles will not cause the unemployment and surely will increase the employment because such car drivers will be needed to provide service.
C.The author has argued that although there are still some problems in Mr. Zimmer’s predication but the general direction of realizing self-driving cars will be correct.
D.Mr.Zimmer provides some variable factors such as companies profits and leagal procedure problems in order to realize the massive transformation of self-driving cars in such a short of time.
答案 B
解析 本题考查细节理解。
【关键词】true
【主题句】By 2025, private car ownership will all but end in major U.S. cities," says Zimmer, a prediction that, if it turns out to be true, would mean it would take just eight years for the majority of the human-driven cars on U.S. roads to disappear. Possible? Sure. Likely? Eight years seems like, once again, a bit of wishful thinking on Zimmer's part.
“到2025年，美国的主要城市的私人汽车所有权将会结束，”Zimmer说。对于这个预测，如果事实证明这是真的，那意味着大多数人类驾驶汽车只需要8年的时间会在美国的道路消失。 可能？ 当然。可能性有多大？ 对Zimmer来说，八年似乎又是一厢情愿的想法。
Remember, it hasn't even been 10 years since the arrival of the iPhone, and as recent events prove, smartphones are still a category that can yield catastrophic results if not done right. And those are just mobile devices, not vehicles entrusted with transporting and protecting human lives.
请记住，自从iPhone诞生至今还没有10年，并且最近的事件证明，如果做得不当，智能手机仍然会产生灾难性结果。况且这些只是移动设备，而不是托运运输和保护人命的车辆。
To be fair, Zimmer's essay does offer some facts and figures in an attempt to back up his positions, but much of it doesn't appear to take into account variables such as the heavily embedded interests of automobile companies still relying on consumer auto sales, as well as the many legal and roadway logistics that will need to be addressed in order to bring about this massive transformation in such a short time. 公平地说，齐默的文章确实提供了一些事实和数据来企图支持自己的立场，但其中大部分似乎没有考虑到诸如汽车公司依然依赖消费者汽车销售的高度嵌入利益等变量，以及为了在如此短的时间内实现这一巨大转变而需要解决的众多法律和道路物流问题。
"Our society is at a fork in the road and whether we take the right path is not inevitable," admits Zimmer. Zimmer承认：“我们的社会正在走向分叉，我们是否走上正确的道路并非不可避免。”
what I do know is that decisive action must be taken by all of us? —? business leaders, policymakers, city planners, and citizens? — ?to realize the full potential of this almost unprecedented moment in history. 我所知道的是，所有商界领袖、政策制定者、城市规划者和公民都必须采取果断行动，以充分发挥这一史无前例的历史时刻的潜力。We believe that in the first five or more years following the introduction of autonomous vehicles,the need for human drivers will actually increase not decrease...我们相信，在推出自动驾驶车辆后的头五年或更长时间内，对人力驾驶的需求实际上将增加而不是减少。
【解析】题目意为“根据文章内容，以下哪项是正确的？”选项A意为“齐默先生认为，现在我们正处于历史的关键时刻，我们应该果断决定是否走这条正确的路。”与原文中“一定要采取果断行动”不符，故错误。选项B意为“齐默先生认为，自动驾驶汽车的引入不会导致失业，而且肯定会增加就业，因为将需要相应的汽车驾驶员提供服务。”选项C意为“作者认为，虽然齐默先生的预测中仍存在一些问题，但实现自动驾驶汽车的总体方向是正确的。”原文中反复提到了自动驾驶汽车的风险和问题，表达作者对实现自动驾车总体方向的隐忧。选项D意为“齐默先生为实现自动驾驶汽车在如此短的时间内的大规模转型提供了一些可借鉴的因素，如公司利润和法律程序问题。”与原文中“似乎没有考虑盈利以及众多法律问题”不符，故错误；根据主题句，只有选项B与题意意思相符合。
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