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It’s one of our common beliefs that mice

免费题库2022-08-02  25
问题 It’s one of our common beliefs that mice are afraid of cats. Scientists have long known that even if a mouse has never seen a cat before, it is still able to detect chemical signals released from it and run away in fear. This has always been thought to be something that is hard-wired into a mouse’ s brain.But now Wendy Ingram, a graduate student at the University of California, Berkeley, has challenged this common sense. She has found a way to “cure” mice of their inborn fear of cats by infecting them with a parasite, reported the science journal Nature.The parasite, called Toxoplasma gondii, might sound unfamiliar to you, but the shocking fact is that up to one-third of people around the world are infected by it. This parasite can cause different diseases among humans, especially pregnant women—it is linked to blindness and the death of unborn babies.However, the parasite’s effects on mice are unique. Ingram and her team measured how mice reacted to a cat's urine (尿) before and after it was infected by the parasite. They noted that normal mice stayed far away from the urine while mice that were infected with the parasite walked freely around the test area.But that's not all. The parasite was found to be more powerful than originally thought—even after researchers cured the mice of the infection. They no longer reacted with fear to a cat's smell, which could indicate that the infection has caused a permanent change in mice's brains.Why does a parasite change a mouse's brain instead of making it sick like it does to humans  The answer lies in evolution.“It’s exciting scary to know how a parasite can manipulate a mouse's brain this way,"Ingram said. But she also finds it inspiring. "Typically if you have a bacterial infection, you go to a doctor and take antibiotics and the infection is cleared and you expect all the symptoms to also go away,” she said, but this study has proven that wrong. “This may have huge implications for infectious disease medicine."The passage is mainly about__________.查看材料A.mice's inborn terror of catsB.the evolution of ToxoplasmaC.a new study about the effects of a parasite on miceD.a harmful parasite called Toxoplasma gondii
选项 A.mice's inborn terror of cats
B.the evolution of Toxoplasma
C.a new study about the effects of a parasite on mice
D.a harmful parasite called Toxoplasma gondii
答案 C
解析 根据文章第二段“She hasfound away to‘cure’mice of the irinbornfear of cats byinfecting them with a parasite。reported the science journal Nature．”可知，Berkeley发现了一种通过让老鼠感染寄生虫来改变它们天生害怕猫的方法。文章下面的内容也都是围绕这个新发现来阐述的，故选C。
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