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  3. In science the meaning of the word "explain" suffers with civilization’s ever

In science the meaning of the word "explain" suffers with civilization’s ever

游客2025-05-10  31
问题    In science the meaning of the word "explain" suffers with civilization’s every step in search of reality. Science can not really explain electricity, magnetism, and gravitation; their effects can be measured and predicted, but of their nature no more is known to the modem scientist than to Thales who first speculated on the electrification of amber. Most contemporary physicists reject the notion that man can ever discover what these mysterious forces "really" are. Electricity, Bertrand Russell says, "is not a thing, like St. Paul’s Cathedral; it is a way in which things behave. When we have told how things behave, when they are electrified, we have told all there is to tell." Until recently scientists would have disapproved of such an idea. Aristotle, for example, whose natural science dominated Western thought for two thousand years, believed that man could arrive at an understanding of reality by reasoning from self-evident principles. He felt, for example, that it is a self-evident principle that everything in the universe has its proper place, hence one can conclude that objects fall to the ground because that is where they belong, and smoking goes up because that is where it belongs. The goal of Aristotelian science was to explain why things happen. Modem science was born when Galileo began trying to explain how things happen and thus originated the method of con- trolled experiment which now forms the basis of scientific investigation. [br] Bertrand Russell’s notion about electricity is ______.
选项 A、disapproved of by most modern scientists
B、in agreement with Aristotle’s theory of self-evident principles
C、in agreement with scientific investigation directed toward "how" things happen
D、in agreement with scientific investigation directed toward "why" things happen
答案 A
解析 文章指出"Until recently scientists would have disapproved of such an idea"，即直到最近科学家们不赞成这样的观点，此处“such an idea"就是上文提及的Bertrand Russell的观点。故答案为A。
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