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  3. As the horizons of science have expanded, two main groups of scientists have

As the horizons of science have expanded, two main groups of scientists have

游客2025-04-28  15
问题     As the horizons of science have expanded, two main groups of scientists have emerged. One is the pure scientist; the other, the applied scientist.
    The pure or theoretical scientist does original research in order to understand the basic laws of nature that govern our world. The applied scientist adapts this knowledge to practical problems. Neither is more important than the other, however, for the two groups are very much related. Some times, however, the applied scientist finds the "problem" for the theoretical scientist to work on. Let’ s take a particular problem of the aircraft industry: heat-resistant metals. Many of the metals and alloys which perform satisfactorily in a car cannot be used in a jet-propelled plane. New alloys must be used, because the jet engine operates at a much higher temperature than an automobile engine. The turbine wheel in a turbojet must withstand temperatures as high as 1,600 degrees Fahrenheit, so aircraft designers had to turn to the research metallurgist for the development of metals and alloys that would do the job in jet-propelled planes.
    Dividing scientists into two groups is only one broad way of classifying them, however. When scientific knowledge was very limited, there was no need for men to specialize.  Today, with the great body of scientific knowledge, scientists specialize in many different fields. Within each field, there is even further subdivision. And, with finer and finer subdivisions, the various sciences have become more and more interrelated until no one branch is entirely independent of the others. Many new specialties--geophysics and biochemistry, for example--have resulted from combining the knowledge of two or more sciences. [br] The example given in the passage illustrates how ______.
选项 A、pure science operates independently of applied science
B、the applied scientist discovers the basic laws of nature
C、applied science defines all the areas in which basic research is done
D、applied science suggests problems for the basic scientist
答案 D
解析 第二段说了两类科学家之间相互关联并指出the applied scientist finds the“problem”for the theoretical scientist to work on，紧接着就列举了aircraft industry的例子，很显然是为了论证上述观点，选项D正确。
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