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  3. The Aleuts(阿留申人) were named so by Russians, but they call themselves Unangan

The Aleuts(阿留申人) were named so by Russians, but they call themselves Unangan

游客2025-04-28  1
问题     The Aleuts(阿留申人) were named so by Russians, but they call themselves Unangan which means " the people. " They are native inhabitants of islands stretching 1 800 kilometers southwest from the Alaskan mainland, which are now called the Aleutian islands. They also inhabit some of the Alaskan peninsula. The men are hunters and fishermen and the women are very skilled cooks. The Aleutian people are racially and ethnically related to the Eskimo. They have small, well-shaped bodies，dark skin, dark eyes and black hair. Aleuts have their own language with two dialects; the Unalaskan. spoken in the eastern Aleutian, Shunagin and Fox islands, and the Auttan, spoken in the western Aleutian islands.
    Their first contact with outside people happened in the eighteenth century when Russian fur traders exploited the Aleuts ability to hunt sea mammals. Aleuts lived in villages consisting of several semisubterranean houses, marsh grass covered huts and small wooden structures called frame houses. The Aleuts hunt sea lion, seals, whales and fish out of the sea. They have skin-covered boats. The hunters in the Aleutian culture would have to obey hunting rules and taboos laid down by their local shamans, the shamans also dealt with their people’s sickness or injury. They don’t hunt much on land anymore (birds only) because their hunting grounds were taken over by the Russian fur traders around 1750, they do however raise sheep for clothes and food.
    During World War II Aleuts were evacuated from their islands to southeastern Alaska. This forced evacuation sped up the decline of their traditions, culture and way of life. The Russian fur traders contributed to the decline of the Aleut culture and the decline of the numbers of the native group by introducing smallpox and influenza. The Russians also forced the Aleuts into slavery and killed off many in a very barbaric fashion. It is very rare to find a full-blooded Aleut now; most of them are part Russian. When the Russians arrived in Aleutian Islands in the 1700s, the population of the Aleut people was numbered about 25 000. Their present population differs between sources from 2 000—8 000. (319 words) [br] What is the passage mainly about?
选项 A、The Aleuts are also called Eskimo.
B、The Aleutian people’s contact with the outside world.
C、Russian fur traders invading the Aleutian islands.
D、The Aleutian people’s life and the decline of their culture and population.
答案 D
解析 由于本文第一段说的是阿留申群岛土著人的生活，第二段说的足他们的衰退。故选D“阿留申群岛土人的生活以及人口和文化的衰退”。
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