2. 职称英语
  3. No other country spends what we do per capita for medical care. The care avai

No other country spends what we do per capita for medical care. The care avai

游客2025-04-25  3
问题    No other country spends what we do per capita for medical care. The care available is among the best technically, even if used too lavishly and thus dangerously, but none of the countries that stand above us in healthy status have such a high proportion of medically disenfranchised persons. Given the evidence that medical care is not that valuable and access to care not that bad, it seems most unlikely that our bad showing is caused by the significant proportion who are poorly served. Other hypotheses have greater explanatory power: excessive poverty, both actual and relative, and excessive affluence.
   Excessive poverty is probably more prevalent in the U. S. than in any of the countries that have a better infant mortality rate and female life expectancy at birth. This is probably true also for all but four or five of the countries with a longer male life expectancy. In the notably poor countries, that exceed us in male survival, difficult living conditions are a more accepted way of life and in several of them, a good basic diet, basic medical care and basic education, and lifelong employment opportunities are an everyday fact of life. In the U.S. a national unemployment level of 10 percent may be 40 percent in the ghetto while less than 4 percent elsewhere. The countries that have surpassed us in health do not have such severe or entrenched problems. Nor are such a high proportion of their people involve in them.
   Excessive affluence is not so obvious a cause of ill health, but, at least until recently, few other nations could afford such unhealthful ways of living. Excessive intake of animal protein and fats, dangerous intake of alcohol and use of tobacco and drugs (prescribed and proscribed), and dangerous recreational sports and driving habits are all possible only because of affluence. Our heritage, desires, opportunities, and our machismo, combined with the relatively low cost of bad foods and speedy vehicles, make us particularly vulnerable to our affluence. And those who are not affluent try harder. Our unacceptable health status, then, will not be improved appreciably by expanded medical resources nor by their redistribution so much as by a general at tempt to improve the quality of life for all. (373 words) [br] All of the following are mentioned in the passage as factors affecting the health of the population EXCEPT______
选项 A、the availability of medical care services
B、the genetic endowment of individuals
C、the nation’s relative position in health status
D、an individual’s own behavior
答案 C
解析 文章第一段作者与那些健康状况超越美国的国家相比，美国医疗服务的可利用 性低；最后一段提到了遗传因素和过度饮酒和抽烟或使用药物、进行危险的休闲活动以及养 成危险的驾驶习惯、欲望、气概(这些属于个人行为)。一个国家健康状况的相对水平并不是 影响人口健康状况的因素。文章只是进行了对比而已。据此判断，答案是C。
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