The role of government in environmental management is difficult but inescapa

游客2025-04-25 44

问题 The role of government in environmental management is difficult but inescapable. Sometimes, the state tries to manage the resources it owns, and does so badly. Often,【C1】______governments act in an even more harmful way. They actually subside the exploitation and 【C2】______of natural resources, A whole【C3】______of policies, from farm-price support to protection for coal-mining, do environmental damage and (often) 【C4】______no economic sense. Scrapping them offers a two-fold【C5】______: a cleaner environment and more efficient economy. Growth and environmentalism can actually go hand in hand, if politicians have the courage to【C6】______the vested interest that subsidies create.
No activity affects, more of the earth’s surface than farming. It shapes a third of the planet’s land area, not【C7】______Antarctica, and the proportion is rising. World food output per head has risen by 4 per cent between the 1970s and 1980s mainly as a result of increases in【C8】______from land already in【C9】______, but also because more land has been brought under the plough. Higher yields have been achieved by increased irrigation, better crop breeding, and a【C10】______in the use of pesticides and chemical fertilizers in the 1970s and 1980s.
All these activities may have【C11】______environmental impact For, example, land clearing for agricultures is the largest single【C12】______of deforestation;chemical fertilizers and pesticides may【C13】______water suppliers;more intensive farming and the abandonment of fallow periods 【C14】______exacerbate soil erosion;and the spread of mon-oculture and the use of high-yielding varieties of crops have been accompanied by the【C15】______of old varieties of food plants which 【C16】______some insurance against pests or diseases in future. Soil erosion threatens the productivity of land in both rich and poor countries. The United States, 【C17】______the most careful measurements have been done, discovered in 1982 that about one-fifth of its farmland was losing topsoil at a rate【C18】______to diminish the soil’s productivity. The country subsequently【C19】______a program to convert 11 per cent of its cropped land to meadow or forest. Topsoil in India and China is【C20】______much faster than in America [br] 【C8】

选项 A、outputs
B、supplies
C、yields
D、outcomes

答案 C

解析 output产量，排泄物。supply填补，补给。yield产量，收益，产生(作物、报酬、利益等)。outcome出路，成果。

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