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  3. EI Nino is the term used for the period when sea surface temperatures are ab

EI Nino is the term used for the period when sea surface temperatures are ab

游客2025-04-16  20
问题     EI Nino is the term used for the period when sea surface temperatures are above normal off the South American coast along the equatorial Pacific, sometimes called the Earth’s heartbeat, and is a dramatic but mysterious climate system that periodically rages across the Pacific.
    El Nino means "the little boy" or "the Christ child" in Spanish, and is so called because its warm current is felt along coastal Peru and Ecuador around Christmas. But the local warming is just part of an intricate
set of changes in the ocean and atmosphere across the tropical Pacific, which covers a third of the Earth’s circumference. Its intensity is such that it affects temperatures, storm tracks and rainfall around the world.
    Droughts in Africa and Australia, tropical storms in the Pacific, torrential rains along the Californian coast and lush greening of Peruvian deserts have all been ascribed to the whim of EI Nino. Until recently it has been returning about every three to five years. But recently it has become more frequent--for the first time on record it has returned for a fourth consecutive year--and at the same time a giant pool of unusually warm water has settled down in the middle of the Pacific and is showing no signs of moving.
    Climatologists don’t yet know why, though some are saying these aberrations may signal a worldwide change in climate. The problem is that nobody really seems sure what causes the EI Nino to start, and what makes some stronger than others. And this makes it particularly hard to explain why it as suddenly started behaving so differently.
    In the absence of EI Nino and its cold counterpart, La Nina, conditions in the tropical eastern Pacific are the opposite of those in the west: the east is cool and dry, while the west is hot and wet. In the east, it’s the winds and currents that keep things cool. It works like this. Strong, steady winds, called trade winds, blowing west across the Pacific drag the surface water along with them. The varying influence of the Earth’s rotation at different latitudes, known as the Coriolis effect, causes these surface winds and water to veer towards the poles, north in the northern hemisphere and south in the southern hemisphere. The surface water is replaced by colder water from deeper in the ocean in a process known as upwelling.
    The cold surface water in mm chills the air above it. This cold dense air cannot rise high enough or water vapor to condense into clouds. The dense air creates an area of high pressure so that the atmosphere over the equatorial eastern Pacific is essentially devoid of rainfall. [br] This passage is most likely to a digest of ______
选项 A、a popular science article.
B、a research report.
C、a book review.
D、a newspaper editorial.
答案 A
解析 题干问：“这篇文章最可能节选自……”。正确选项为A“通俗的科普文章”，为什么这篇文章通俗易懂，首先作者把厄尔尼诺现象比作一个“the little boy”和“Christ child”，之后又讲述了它的反常现象以及其机理。而选项B“研究报告”，虽然文中讲到了气象学家，但是我们从研究报告的角度来说，这篇文章缺乏研究报告的特征。而选项C“书评”和选项D“报纸的社论”很显然都离题太远。本题最大的干扰是选项B。
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