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  3. Many of the most flexible examples of tool use in animals come from primates

Many of the most flexible examples of tool use in animals come from primates

游客2025-04-14  34
问题     Many of the most flexible examples of tool use in animals come from primates(the order that includes humans, apes, and monkeys). For example, many wild primates use objects to threaten outsiders. But there are many examples of tool use by other mammals, as well as by birds and other types of animals.
    Tools are used by many species in the capture or preparation of food. Chimpanzees use sticks and poles to bring out ants and termites from their hiding places. Among the most complex tool use observed in the wild is the use of stones by Ivory Coast chimpanzees to crack nuts open. They select a large flat stone as an anvil(a heavy block on which to place the nuts)and a smaller stone as a hammer. Stones suitable for use as anvils are not easy to find, and often a chimpanzee may carry a haul of nuts more than 40 meters to find a suitable anvil. The use of tools in chimpanzees is especially interesting because these animals sometimes modify tools to make them better suited for their intended purpose. To make a twig more effective for digging out termites, for example, a chimp may first strip it of its leaves.
    Surprisingly, there is also a species of bird that uses sticks to probe holes in the search for insects. One of the species of Galapagos finch, the woodpecker finch, picks up or breaks off a twig, cactus spine, or leaf stem. This primitive tool is then held in the beak and used to probe for insects in holes in trees that the bird cannot probe directly with its beak. Birds have been seen to carry twigs from tree to tree searching for prey.
    Tools may also be used for defense. Hermit crabs grab sea anemones with their claws and use them as weapons to repel their enemies. Studies have demonstrated that these crabs significantly improve their chances against predators such as octopus by means of this tactic. Also, many species of forest-dwelling primates defend themselves by throwing objects, including stones, at intruders. [br] Forest primates and certain sea animals are mentioned in the passage as examples of animals that use tools EXCEPT for______.
选项 A、self-protection
B、food preparation
C、hunting prey
D、building nests or home
答案 D
解析 从全文来看，第一段是综述有很多动物能使用工具；第二段是举了黑猩猩在捕食和准备食物过程中如何使用工具的；第三段是讲述裂形树雀怎么捕食；第四段是说寄居蟹是怎么进行自我保护的。文章并没有提到动物如何使用工具来筑巢的。据此判断，答案是D。
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