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  3. What percentage of the population in a modern technological society are, lik

What percentage of the population in a modern technological society are, lik

游客2025-04-06  36
问题     What percentage of the population in a modern technological society are, like myself, in the fortunate position of being workers? At a guess I would say sixteen per cent, and I do not think that figure is likely to get bigger in the future.
    Technology and the division of labor have done two things: by eliminating in many fields the need for special strength or skill, they have made a very large number of paid occupations which formerly were enjoyable work into boring labor, and by increasing productivity they have reduced the number of necessary laboring hours. It is already possible to imagine a society in which the majority of the population, that is to say, its laborers, will have almost as much leisure as in earlier times was enjoyed by the aristocracy. When one recalls how aristocracies in the past actually behaved, the prospect is not cheerful. Indeed, the problem of dealing with boredom may be even more difficult for such a future mass society than it was for aristocracies. The latter, for example, ritualized their time; there was a season to shoot grouse, a season to spend in town, etc. The masses are more likely to replace an unchanging ritual by fashion which changes as often as possible in the economic interest of certain people. Again, the masses cannot go in for hunting, for very soon there would be no animals left to hunt. For other aristocratic amusements like gambling, dueling, and warfare, it may be only too easy to find equivalents in dangerous driving, drug-taking, and senseless acts of violence. Workers seldom commit acts of violence, because they can put their aggression into their work, be it physical like the work of a smith, or mental like the work of a scientist or an artist. The role of aggression in mental work is aptly expressed by the phrase "getting one’s teeth into a problem". [br] Which of the following is one of the amusements of the masses?
选项 A、Hunting
B、Gambling
C、Foolish acts of violence
D、Doing scientific research
答案 D
解析 事实细节题。文中第二段“Workers seldom commit acts of violence，because they can put theiraggression into their work”，提及工作者很少从事暴力活动，他们可以把自己的“敌对心理”用在工作上。之后举例说明不管是工匠的体力活，还是科学家、艺术家的脑力活都是他们解决无聊问题的方法。此信息与选项D内容一致，选项A和B都是过去贵族们的消遣活动，选项C与文章内容不符，故答案为D。
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