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It has long been a tenet of business theory that the best decisions are made

游客2025-04-06  4
问题     It has long been a tenet of business theory that the best decisions are made after careful review and consideration. Only after weighing all the options and studying projections, say most professionals of business, can a practical decision be made.
    Now that model is being questioned by some business thinkers in the light of the theories of Malcolm Gladwell, who states that human beings often make better decisions in the blink of an eye.
    It is, at first glance, a theory so counter-intuitive as to seem almost ludicrous. Behind any decision, Gladwell posits, there is a behind-the-scenes subconscious process in which the brain analyzes; ranks in order of importance; compares and contrasts vast amounts of information; and dismisses extraneous factors, seemingly almost instantaneously, often arriving at a conclusion in less than two seconds. Citing a multitude of studies and examples from life, Gladwell shows how that split-second decision is often better informed than a drawn-out examination.
    Evanston and Cramer were the first to apply this theory to the business world. Evanston videotaped the job interviews of 400 applicants at different firms. He then played only 10 seconds of each videotape to independent human resources specialists. The specialists were able to pick out the applicants who were hired with an accuracy of over 90%.
    Cramer took the experiment even further, using only 5 seconds of videotape, without sound. To his astonishment, the rate of accuracy with which the HR specialists were able to predict the successful applicants fell only to 82%.
    Critics argue that these results illustrate a problem with stereotyping that impedes human resources specialists from hiring the best candidates even when they have the time to get below the surface: going for the candidate who "looks the part. " Gladwell argues that, on the contrary, the human mind is able to make complicated decisions quickly, and that intuition often trumps an extended decision-making process. [br] According to the passage, all of the following are examples of the subconscious processes by which the brain makes a decision EXCEPT______.
选项 A、analysis of information
B、ranking of information
C、comparison and contrast of information
D、consulting a multitude of studies and examples
答案 D
解析 根据短文，以下是大脑凭借潜意识过程作出决定的实例，D(查阅多项研究和例证)除外。A(分析信息)、B(将信息排序)和C(比较和对比信息)在第三段第二句中提及，没有提到D。
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