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  3. Consumers and producers obviously make decisions that mold the economy, but

Consumers and producers obviously make decisions that mold the economy, but

游客2025-03-31  7
问题     Consumers and producers obviously make decisions that mold the economy, but there is a third major【C1】______to consider the role of government. Government has a powerful【C2】______on the economy in at least four ways:
    Direct Services. The postal system, for example, is a federal system【C3】______the entire nation, as is the large and complex establishment. Conversely, the construction and【C4】______of most highways, the【C5】______of the individual states, and the public educational systems, despite a large funding role by the federal government, are primarily【C6】______for by country or city governments. Police and fire protection and sanitation【C7】______are also the responsibilities of local government.
    Regulation and Control. The government regulates and controls private【C8】______in many ways, for the【C9】______of assuring that business serves the best【C10】______of the people as a whole. Regulation is necessary in areas where private enterprise is granted a【C11】______, such as in telephone or electric service. Public policy permits such companies to make a reasonable【C12】______, but limits their ability to raise prices【C13】______, since the public depends on their services. Often control is【C14】______to protect the public, as for example, when the Food and Drug administration bans harmful drugs, or requires standards of【C15】______in food. In other industries, government sets guidelines to ensure fair competition without using direct control.
    Stabilization and Growth. Branches of government, including Congress and such entities as the Federal Reserve Board, attempt to control the extremes of boom and bust, of inflation and depression, by【C16】______tax rates, the money supply, and the use of credit. They can also【C17】______the economy through changes in the amount of public spending by the government itself.
    Direct Assistance. The government provides many kinds of help to【C18】______and individuals. For example, tariffs【C19】______certain products to remain relatively free of foreign competition; imports are sometimes taxed so that American products are able to【C20】______better with certain foreign goods. In quite a different area, government supports individuals who cannot adequately care for themselves, by making grants to working parents with dependent children, by providing medical care for the aged and the indigent, and through social welfare system." [br] 【C1】
选项 A、economy
B、horror
C、magnifier
D、element
答案 D
解析 A项意为“经济，节约”；B项意为“惊骇，恐怖”；C项意为“放大镜，放大器”；D项意为“要素，元素，成分”。文章在开头已经指出了消费者和生产者对经济有决定作用，而“the role of government”显然应该说是影响经济的第三个因素。故本题答案为D。
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