2. 职称英语
  3. In the view of the primatologist Sarah Blaffer Hrdy, the extraordinary social

In the view of the primatologist Sarah Blaffer Hrdy, the extraordinary social

游客2025-03-30  26
问题    In the view of the primatologist Sarah Blaffer Hrdy, the extraordinary social skills are at the heart of what makes us humans. Through its ability to secure the attentive care not just of its mother but of many others, a baby promotes many of the behaviors and emotions that we prize in ourselves and that often distinguish us from other animals, including a willingness to share, to cooperate with strangers, to relax one’s guard.
   As Dr. Hrdy argues in her latest book Mothers and Others: The Evolutionary Origins of Mutual Understanding, human babies are so dependent on their elders for such a long time that humanity would never have made it without a break from the great ape model of child-rearing. Chimpanzee and gorilla mothers are capable of rearing offspring pretty much through their own powers, but human mothers are not.
   Our capacity to cooperate in groups, to empathize with others and to wonder what others are thinking and feeling—all these traits, Dr. Hrdy argues, probably arose in response to the selective pressures of being in a cooperatively breeding social group, and the need to trust and rely on others and be deemed trustworthy and reliable in turn. Dr. Hrdy points out that mother chimpanzees and gorillas jealously hold on to their infants for the first six months or more of life. Other females may express real interest in the newborn, but the mother does not let go. By contrast, human mothers in virtually every culture studied allow others to hold their babies from birth onward, to a greater or lesser extent depending on tradition.
   Dr. Hrdy wrote her book in part to counter what she sees as the reigning dogma among evolutionary scholars that humans evolved their extreme sociality and cooperative behavior to better compete with other humans. "I’m not comfortable accepting this idea that the origins of hypersociality can be found in warfare, or that in-group amity arose in the interest of out-group enmity, " she said in a telephone interview. [br] The capacity for cooperation is developed because of______.
选项 A、the need to depend on others
B、the instinct of human mothers
C、the curiosity of infants
D、the result of competition
答案 A
解析 根据第三段中的“Our capacity to cooperate in groups，to empathize with others and to wonder what others are thinking and feeling—all these traits，Dr．Hrdy argues，probably arose in response to the selective pressures of being in a cooperatively breeding social group，and the need to trust and rely on others and be deemed trustworthy and reliable in turn．”可知，赫尔迪博士认为，我们在团队中协作的能力可能是为了应对在合作养育的社会群体中的选择压力而产生的，我们需要信任和依赖他人，而且也被认为是值得信任和依赖的。据此可知，由于需要依赖他人，因此我们发展了合作的能力。A项正确。
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