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  3. Our bodies are wonderfully skilful at maintaining balance. When the temperat

Our bodies are wonderfully skilful at maintaining balance. When the temperat

游客2025-03-21  36
问题     Our bodies are wonderfully skilful at maintaining balance. When the temperature jumps, we sweat to cool down. When our blood pressure falls, our hearts pound to compensate. As it turned out, though, our natural state is not a steady one. Researchers are finding that everything from blood pressure to brain function varies rhythmically with the cycles of sun, moon and seasons. And their insights are yielding new strategies for keeping away such common killers as heart disease and cancer. Only one doctor in 20 has a good knowledge of the growing field of "chronotherapeutics", the strategic use of time (chronos) in medicine. But according to a new American Medical Association poll, three out of four are eager to change that "The field is exploding", says Michael Smolensky. "Doctors used to look at us like, ’What space ship did you guys get off ?’ Now they’re thirsty to know more. "
    In medical school, most doctors learn that people with chronic conditions should take their medicine at steady rates. "It’s a terrible way to treat disease," says Dr. Richard Martin. For example, asthmatics (气喘患者) are most likely to suffer during the night. Yet most patients strive to keep a constant level of medicine in their blood day and night, whether by breathing in on an inhaler (吸入器) four times a day or taking a pill each morning and evening. In recent studies, researchers have found that a large midafternoon dose of a bronchodilator (支气管扩张 剂) can be as safe as several small doses, and better for preventing nighttime attacks.
    If the night belongs to asthma, the dawn belongs to high blood pressure and heart disease. Heart attacks are twice as common at 9 a. m. as at 11 p. m. Part of the reason is that our blood pressure falls predictably at night, then peaks as we start to work for the day. "Doctors know that," says Dr. Henry Black of Chicago Medical Center, "but until now, we haven’t been able to do anything about it. " Most blood pressure drugs provide 18 to 20 hours of relief. But because they’re taken in the morning, they’re least effective when most needed. "You take your pill at 7and it’s working by 9," says Dr. William White of the University of Connecticut Health Center. "But by that time you’ve gone through the worst four hours of the day with no protection,"Bedtime dosing would prevent that lapse, but it would also push blood pressure to dangerously low levels during the night. [br] Researchers are finding that______.
选项 A、heart disease and cancer are the most common killers of human beings
B、blood pressure and brain function are decided by cycles of sun, moon and seasons
C、the functions of human bodies have much to do with nature
D、any change in human bodies goes systematically with changes in the environment
答案 C
解析 本题问研究人员发现了什么。文章第一段第五句指出，研究者发现，从血压到大脑的功能等任何过程都随着太阳、月亮和四季的周期变化而发生有节奏的变化。第二段和第三段分别以气喘病和高血压与心脏病的发作周期为例子，用以说明这些病的昼夜变化。作者指出，气喘病的高发作期间发生在夜间，心脏病和高血压的高发作率发生在清晨。因此，本题的正确答案应是C“人体的各种功能与自然有很大关系”。
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