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  3. An unusual characteristic of American university life is its competitiveness

An unusual characteristic of American university life is its competitiveness

游客2025-03-20  8
问题     An unusual characteristic of American university life is its competitiveness. Institutions of the same class【C1】______ for faculty, research funds, students and public attention. That Harvard and Stanford, for example, actively recruit and compete for students is quite【C2】______ to establishments(教育机构)such as Tokyo or Kyoto universities,【C3】______ an entrance examination determines all. It is almost【C4】______ unusual in most parts of the world for one institution to hire professors【C5】______ from another by offering a higher salary and / or better working conditions. In Japan, and to a lesser extent elsewhere, universities hire almost【C6】______ their own graduates. In-breeding is rampant—a sharp contrast with most departments in top American universities.
    Institutional competitiveness has some negative【C7】______ —particularly if your university loses too many encounters with the market. The dark side includes too much movement by professional stars from one university to another in【C8】______ of personal gain, and a consequently lower level of institutional presence. Competition also leads to invidious(招人反感的)comparison among fields of study, with excessive【C9】______ within the university going to those subjects where "market power" is strong(computer sciences, yes; English, no).     However, the benefits of American-style competition among universities outweigh the costs. It has【C10】______ complacency and encouraged the drive for excellence and change. [br] 【C10】
选项 A、permitted
B、concluded
C、delayed
D、prevented
答案 D
解析 这一段讲的是美国式竞争的好处。四个选项的意思分别是：A项permitted(允许，许可)；B项concluded(推断，决定，结束)；C项delayed(耽搁，延迟，延期)；D项prevented(防止，预防)。但还有一个关键词是complacency(自满、自得，自鸣得意)。从上下文来看，it指代American-style competition，合乎逻辑的选项应该是D项prevented。即：美国式的竞争防止自满的滋生，激励卓越和变革。
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