The number of people diagnosed as having a certain intestinal disease has droppe

游客2025-02-26 51

问题 The number of people diagnosed as having a certain intestinal disease has dropped significantly in a rural county this year, as compared to last year, health officials attribute this decrease entirely to improved sanitary conditions at water-treatment plants, which made for cleaner water this year and thus reduced the incidence of the disease. Which of the following, if true, would most seriously weaken the health officials’ explanation for the lower incidence of the disease?

选项 A、Many new water-treatment plants have been built in the last five years in the rural county.
B、Bottled spring water has not been consumed in significantly different quantities by people diagnosed as having the intestinal disease, as compared to people who did not contract the disease.
C、Because of a new diagnostic technique, many people who until this year would have been diagnosed as having the intestinal disease are now correctly diagnosed as suffering from intestinal ulcers.
D、Because of medical advances this year, far fewer people who contract the intestinal disease will develop severe cases of the disease.
E、The water in the rural county was brought up to the sanitary standards of the water in neighboring counties ten years ago.

答案 C

解析该卫生部门官员的解释做了一个假设，被诊断为患上该病的人数的减少准确地反映了该病实际发生的减少，通过指出这一点是错误的，(C)削弱了该官员的解释，因此是正确答案；由于(A)支持卫生条件已经改善的观点，它有助于支持该官员的解释；(B)同样如此，(B)排除了这一因素，这个因素本可以将那些患病的和没有患病的区分开来，因此也排除了一种替代解释；诊断出来的病情的严重程度的减少(选项D)与该官员的解释无关；由于邻县他们自己的卫生标准可能并不充分，E并没削弱该官员的解释。

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