According to Aristotle, the subjects of tragic drama were rightly dr

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问题          According to Aristotle, the subjects of tragic drama were rightly drawn
   from ancient mythology, a source considered invariably reliable, for it was
   believed that if man had invented such strange incidents, they would have
Line    appeared impossible. Furthermore, the chief characters of a tragic action should
(5)    be persons of consequence, of exalted station, according to Aristotle, and the
   leading personage should not be a man characterized by great virtue or great
   vice, but of a mixed nature, a proclivity for errors and weaknesses that lead him
   into misfortune. Such a mixture of good and evil makes the protagonist seem
   like ourselves, thus more quickly arousing the spectator’s sympathy, saturating
(10)    him with feelings of compassion, driving out his petty personal emotions, and
   thus "purging" the soul through pity and terror. The crimes suitable for tragic
   treatment may be committed either in ignorance, or intentionally, and are
   commonly against friends or relatives, though crimes committed intentionally
   are generally the more dramatic and impressive-this in spite of the fact that
(15)    the central crime in Oedipus the King was committed in ignorance. As to
   style, a certain archaic quality of diction is needful to the dignity of tragedy.
         Another of the most famous of the Aristotelian rules were those relating to
   the so-called unities-of time, place, and action. The unity of time limits the
   supposed action to the duration of a single day, unity of place limits it to one
(20)    general locality; and unity of action limits the play to a single set of incidents
   related as cause and effect, "having a beginning, a middle, and an end."
   Concerning the unity of time, Aristotle noted that all the plays since Aeschylus,
   except two, did illustrate such unity, but he did not lay down such a precept as
   obligatory. Perhaps tacitly he assumed that the observance of the unity of place
(25)    would be the practice of good playwrights, since the chorus was present during
   the whole performance, and it would indeed be awkward always to devise an
   excuse for moving fifteen persons about from place to place.0
         A third unity, that of action, is bound up with the nature not only of Greek
   but of all drama, for Aristotle conceived the action, or plot, of a play as of far
(30)    greater importance than the characters. This conception he gained from the
   plays of the fifth century generally centered around a personified passion rather
   than around a character. Second in importance was characterization, and third
   were the sentiments aroused by the action, for Aristotle insisted very clearly
   that in tragedy the plot does not rise out of the characters, but that the plot
(35)    tests the characters through the working-out of destiny, or "blind fate". The
   main duty of the dramatist, therefore, was to first organize the action, then
   display the moral character of people suffering the blows of fate. [br] Which of the following best describes the relationship of the first paragraph of the passage to the passage as a whole?

选项 A、It provides a group of specific examples from which generalizations concerning the nature of drama are drawn later in the passage.
B、It explains principles concerning one aspect of tragedy, which are followed later by principles for other aspects.
C、It defines terms of dramatic principles that are more thoroughly explained later in the passage.
D、It briefly compares and contrasts the principles of drama that are examined in detail later in the passage.
E、It explains a method of judging a work of drama, a method that is used later in the passage.

答案 B

解析

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