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Subsurface locomotion means that animals live beneath the earth surface. Different species live under the surface of the soil for a great many reasons. Today, we’re going to discuss one you might not have heard of, the sandfish. Don’t be fooled by the name. The sandfish is actually a lizard, from North Africa and Southwest Asia. As its name suggests, it actually "swims" through loose sand, like a fish in water. The animal lives mostly under the surface for two reasons.
The first reason you might have guessed already. Lizards are coldblooded. That means their body temperature tends to match the environment, which means moderate cold or much heat easily kills them. North Africa is one of the hottest places on earth. Temperatures over 50 degrees Centigrade are common. People have trouble bearing that. For a lizard it’s death. So sandfish burrow under the sand where it’s cool enough to live. After all, lizards try to avoid being exposed to high temperature.
Another advantage of hiding underground is that lizards can hunt for food. For example, the lizards cannot see or hear under the surface. But they are very sensitive to vibrations made by insects who also try to avoid the killing sun. So the lizards know where to hunt by picking up that vibration and then moving to eat insects that, like the lizards, are trying to escape the sun.
Thus we see how, in avoiding a serious threat from the outside environment, the lizards actually make their own highly convenient subsurface environment.