2. 职称英语
  3. 说“席” 古人坐在地上，屁股底下有块长方形的草垫子，叫做“席”，席是老祖宗表达尊卑、区分你我、划清势力范围的一个妙单位。这个单位，可以在必要的时候一

说“席” 古人坐在地上，屁股底下有块长方形的草垫子，叫做“席”，席是老祖宗表达尊卑、区分你我、划清势力范围的一个妙单位。这个单位，可以在必要的时候一

游客2025-01-24  10
问题    说“席”
   古人坐在地上，屁股底下有块长方形的草垫子，叫做“席”，席是老祖宗表达尊卑、区分你我、划清势力范围的一个妙单位。这个单位，可以在必要的时候一分为二，叫做“割席”。任安与田仁在平阳公主家，被安排“与骑奴同席而食”，两人不大高兴，就把席一割，表示不同席；管宁与华歆在一起念书，门外有车马之声，华歆起来看热闹，回来就被管宁割席，说你格调这么低，“子非吾友也!”这两个故事，都含义很深，都说明了“同席”是有规矩的。
   不但同席有规矩，同席的细节也多得很，东边主位是“首席”，西边敬陪末座的是“席末”，我们现在常用的“出席”、“入席”、“筵席”、“酒席”、“离席”、“逃席”、“缺席”、“主席”等等，都是从这儿变出来的。因为席有这么多名堂，所以有“避席而请”、“越席而对”、“侧席而坐”、“父子不同席”、“男女不同席”、“席不正不坐”等种种典故。
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答案    The Story of Xi
   In ancient China people sat on an oblong straw mattress spread on the floor and the straw mattress was called xi (seat). Xi was an excellent unit to distinguish between the honored and the humble, the self and the other, or the range of influence. The unit could be cut into two when needed, and the action of cutting was called "ge xi" (cutting the seat into two). There is a story that tells about Ren An and Tian Ren, two generals of the Eastern Han Dynasty, who, arranged to share one xi with servants at a dinner party during their visit to Princess Pingyang, the emperor’s elder sister, cut the xi as a protest against the disgrace. There is another story that tells about Guan Ning and Hua Xin, two friends in the late Eastern Han Dynasty, who were sitting on one xi, studying together. When there were noises from sedan carriages going past the house, Hua Xin, curious, got up and rushed out to see what was going on. Upon his coming back, Guan Ning cut the xi as a sign of contempt against him, saying, " You are no longer my friend. " The two stories indicate that there were rules to observe to share the xi ( "tong xi" in Chinese).
   Besides, there are further detailed rules for sharing the xi. The head seat on the east is called "shou xi" (head seat), while the last seat on the west "xi mo" (end of the seat). This is the origin from which such frequently used expressions today are derived: " chu xi" (be present), "ru xi" (enter and take a seat), "yan xi" (banquet), "jiu xi" (dinner party with wine) , "li xi" (withdraw from), "tao xi" (stay away from), "que xi" (be absent), and "zhu xi" (to chair or be chairperson of). There are more expressions with the term "xi" , like "bi xi er qing" (to stand up and apart from one’s seat in an inviting posture) , "yue xi er dui" (to leave one’s seat to face sb. ), "ce xi er zuo" (to provide a special seat for sb. ), "fu zi bu tong xi" (father and son do not share the same xi), "nan nu bu tong xi" (a man does not share the same xi with a woman) , and "xi bu zheng bu zuo" (do not sit if the seat is not properly placed).
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