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  3. Many of the most damaging and life-threatening types of weather—torrential

Many of the most damaging and life-threatening types of weather—torrential

游客2024-10-27  29
问题      Many of the most damaging and life-threatening types of weather—torrential rains, severe thunderstorms, and tornadoes—begin quickly, strike suddenly, and dissipate rapidly, devastating small regions while leaving neighboring areas untouched. One such event, a tornado, stuck the northeastern section of Edmonton, Alterta, in July 1987. Total damages from the tornado exceeded $ 250 million, the highest ever for any Canadian storm. Conventional computer models of the atmosphere have limited value in predicting short-lived local storms like the Edmonton tornado, because the available weather data are generally not detailed enough to allow computers to discern the subtle atmospheric changes that precede these storms. In most national weather reports, for example, weather balloon observations are taken just once every twelve hours at locations typically separated by hundreds of miles. With such limited data, conventional forecasting models do a much better job predicting general weather conditions over large regions than they do forecasting specific local events.
     Until recently, the observation-intensive approach needed for accurate, very short-range forecasts, or "Nowcasts," was not available. The cost of equipping and operating many thousands of conventional weather stations was prohibitively high, and the difficulties involved in rapidly collecting and processing the raw weather data from such a network were insurmountable. Fortunately, scientific and technological advances have overcome most of these problems. Radar systems, automated weather instruments, and satellites are all capable of making detailed, nearly continuous observations over large regions at a relatively low cost. Communications satellites can transmit data around the world cheaply and instantaneously, and modern computers can quickly compile and analyze this large volume of weather information. Meteorologists and computer scientists now work together to design computer programs and video equipment capable of transforming raw weather data into words, symbols and vivid graphic displays that forecasters can interpret easily and quickly. As meteorologists have begun using these new technologies in weather forecasting offices, Now casting is becoming a reality. [br] What is the main topic of the passage?
选项 A、dangerous weather.
B、computer and weather.
C、weather forecasting.
D、weather-balloon observations.
答案 C
解析 主旨题。本文第一段讲述了常规计算机模拟天气预报和气象球预报的局限性；第二段介绍“及时预报”(Now cast)的优点和当前的发展状况。因此，全文主旨是关于天气预报的。故选C项。
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