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  3. The Functions and Development of the Community Health Workers AIDS

The Functions and Development of the Community Health Workers AIDS

游客2024-10-15  23
问题           The Functions and Development of the Community Health Workers
    AIDS can kill by disgrace even when lifesaving medical treatment is available. Until recently, an HIV-infected woman in Sauri, Kenya, was discouraged by her husband, also HIV-infected, from seeking medical care because of his fear of disgrace. All too often, death quickly ensues in such cases. But not in this one. Husband and wife were saved by Mary Wasonga, a fellow villager recently trained to be a community health worker by the Millennium Village Project, which is helping more than 400,000 people in dozens of African communities fight extreme poverty, hunger and disease. Wasonga visited the couple and encouraged them to get home-based HIV testing and counseling, and then helped them enroll in a treatment program. Indeed, she and the 82 other community health workers in Sauri have helped thousands of villagers do the same.
    These workers also attend to women in labor who need urgent transport to a delivery room, individuals too weakened by cholera to get to a clinic, children with malaria and many others. They do this with one year of on-the-job training that builds on at least some secondary education. That basic training is enough to save lives in vast numbers.
    Across Africa, Asia and Latin America, programs are under way that are reminiscent of China’s successful use of village-based health workers—the so-called barefoot doctors—a few decades ago, but today’s workers have even better health-care tools. The mother of all community health efforts is India’s National Rural Health Mission. Initiated by Prime Minister Manmohan Singh and spearheaded by the young, dynamic Minister of Health, Dr. Anbumani Ramadoss, the program has, in just over three years, mobilized more than half a million new community health workers, each known as an ASHA—short for "accredited social health activist," and the Hindi word for hope.
    Technology companies and foundations are also joining the effort to support community health workers. Mobile-phone giant Ericsson is empowering these workers with phones and support systems for training, reporting vital statistics and calling ambulances, among other services. In India, Saty-am Computer Services and other organizat-ions have partnered with the state government of Andhra Pradesh to provide emerg-encyrresponse coverage for 80 million people. The Gates Foundation is similarly stepping up its programs of mobile-phone-based health delivery.
    In the coming years, community health workers can support a breakthrough in the decisive control of many devastating diseases. The rich world can help through expanded financial support for community health workers and training programs by its universities. And the U. S. can learn something from these programs: we too need to enlist more community workers to help our own poor and vulnerable. [br] It can be inferred from this passage that
选项 A、it is disgraceful to be HIV-infected.
B、the education of community health workers is poor.
C、today’s community health workers have better health-care tools.
D、community health workers are decisive in the control of many devastating diseases.
答案 C
解析 推理判断题。文章开篇所举事例是为了说明社区健康工作者在拯救患者过程中的重要作用，文中丈夫害怕遭人耻笑而拒绝就医的做法是错误的，文中并未表达感染艾滋病毒可耻之意，[A]错误；文中第二段提到社区健康工作者都接受过部分中学教育以及一年的工作培训，之后才从事该工作，[B]错误；第三段第一句中提到现在的工作者拥有更好的医疗保健工具，[C]正确；文中末段首句指的是社区健康工作者可以协助实现对许多破坏性疾病的关键性的控制和突破，并非可以直接决定对那些疾病的控制，[D]夸大了其作用，不正确。
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