2. 职称英语
  3. The relationship between the home and market economies has gone through two

The relationship between the home and market economies has gone through two

游客2024-10-15  29
问题     The relationship between the home and market economies has gone through two distinct stages. Early industrialization began the process of transferring some production processes (e.g. clothmaking, sewing and canning foods) from the home to the marketplace. Although the home economy could still produce these goods, the processes were laborious and the market economy was usually more efficient. Soon, the more important second stage was evident — the marketplace began producing goods and services that had never been produced by the home economy, and the home economy was unable to produce them (e.g. electricity and electrical appliances, the automobile, advanced education, sophisticated medical, care). In the second stage, the question of whether the home economy was less efficient in producing these new goods and services was irrelevant; if the family were to enjoy these fruits of industrialization, they would have to be obtained in the marketplace. The traditional ways of taking care of these needs in the home, such as in nursing the sick, became socially unacceptable (and, in most serious cases, probably less successful). Just as the appearance of the automobile made the use of the horse-drawn carriage illegal and then impractical, and the appearance of television changed the radio from a source of entertainment to a source of background music, so most of the fruits of economic growth did not increase the options available to the home economy to either produce the goods or services or purchase them in the market. Growth brought with it increased variety in consumer goods, but not increased flexibility for the home economy in obtaining these goods and services, Instead, economic growth brought with it increased consumer reliance on the marketplace. In order to consume these new goods and services, the family had to enter the marketplace as wage earners and consumers. The neoclassical model that views the family as deciding whether to produce goods and services directly or to purchase them in the marketplace is basically a model of the first stage. It cannot accurately be applied to the second (and current) stage. [br] Economic growth did not make it more flexible for the home economy to obtain the new goods and services because_____.
选项 A、the family was not efficient in production
B、it was illegal for the home economy to produce them
C、it could not supply them by itself
D、the market for these goods and services was limited
答案 C
解析 推理题。此题要求找出家庭经济增长却不能更灵活地获取产品和服务的原因。文章提到“Growthbrought with it increased variety…reliance on the marketplace．”，这只是家庭作坊经济敌不过市场经济的事实表现，而不是家庭经济增长却不能更灵活地获取产品和服务的原因。市场经济取代家庭经济是因为家庭经济的落后生产方式不能适应新的形势，因为“the home economy was unable to produce them(e．g．electricity and electricalappliances，the automobile，advanced education，sophisticated medical care)”，即使家庭经济增长也不能更灵活地获取产品和服务，所以C“家庭经济不能提供这些产品和服务”是正确答案。选项A、B和D是主观臆测。
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