[originaltext]M: I’m Will Arditti, and this week we’re going to talk about what

M: I’m Will Arditti, and this week we’re going to talk about what students coming to study in the US can do to avoid culture shock in the classroom. We invite Susan Iannuzzi. She’s an international consultant in English language teaching. Hi, Susan. Welcome.
W: Thanks.
M: So tell me what you did about it?
W: Well. Actually, we used the sports equivalence. It’s the three conversational styles of bowling, rugby and basketball. So, for example, i the bowling style. That would be considered something perhaps highly considerate, which means that people from those countries would use a style where they would take turns.
M: Just like you would take turns in a bowling game.
W: Yes. Then there’s the rugby style. This is a style that’s common in southern Europe, in African cultures, in cultures of Latin America, many voices happening at one time. It’s also a style in Russia and Greece.
M: And then the basketball model?
W: Well, the basketball model is a little bit closer to what we have here.
M: So what would you recommend?
W: Well, you know, if they’re in an English language learning situation, I think it’s really helpful for them to realize that the other people that are there learning with them may come from different styles, so not to make judgments about them, you know, as "Oh, you’re rude" or "You’re inconsiderate" or "You’re just very quiet and you never say anything".
M: Yeah.
W: So, awareness, I think, is the number one thing. 3-2 It also helps if the instructors point these things out to people, because it’s not something that most of us are going to reflect on in our own lives.
M: You’re saying that the basketball model tends to be maybe more the traditional style in the US classroom. But is that always the case?
W: i You know, the dynamic of each class is different. I know that in, for example, the MBA schools, the students are expected to do a lot of project work, so the professors may not be as involved in directing classroom interaction. There may be a lot of times when the students are working amongst themselves. I would imagine in teacher-led classes that this dynamic is much more apparent.
M: And then there are the challenges of everyday language.
W: I remember a physician who had very good written English. But when he went to set up phone service, and he was telling them "My last name starts with T" and they would say "T like table?" he said, "No, I’m not a table. I don’t need a table. It’s T. " And he didn’t understand that they were using this strategy, this device of associating, you know, first letter of your name with a common object so that we make sure that we write a T instead of a D.
M: That’s all for our interview. Thanks for coming, Susan. Goodbye.
W: My pleasure. Goodbye.
1. In which kind of conversation style do people take turns to give opinions?
2. Which of the following does NOT often use the rugby style of conversation?
3. Which is NOT recommended by Susan Iannuzzi as a means to avoid culture shock?
4. Why does the interviewee mention the MBA schools?
5. What do Americans mean by saying "T like table?" in the example?