2. 职称英语
  3. Man, even in the lower stages of development, possesses a faculty which, for

Man, even in the lower stages of development, possesses a faculty which, for

游客2024-06-04  53
问题     Man, even in the lower stages of development, possesses a faculty which, for want of a better name, I shall call Number Sense. This faculty permits him to recognize that something has changed in a small collection when, without his direct knowledge, an object has been removed from or added to the collection.
    Number sense should not be confused with counting, which involves a rather intricate mental process. Counting, so far as we know, is an attribute exclusively human, whereas some animal species seem to possess an elementary number sense similar to our own. At least, such is the opinion of competent observers of animal behavior, and the theory is supported by a weighty nass of evidence.
    Many birds, for instance, possess such a number sense, If a nest contains four eggs, one can safely be taken; but when two are removed, the bird generally deserts. In some unaccountable way the bird can distinguish two from three. But this faculty is by no means confined to birds, most striking instance we know is that of the insect called the "solitary wasp." The mother wasp lays her eggs in individual cells and provides each egg with a number of live caterpillares (毛虫) on which the young feed when hatched. Now, the number of victims is remarkably constant for a given species of wasp. Some species provide 5, others, 12, others again as high as 24 caterpillars per cell. But most remarkable is the case of the Genus Eumenus, a variety in which the male is much smaller than the female. In some mysterious way the mother knows whether the egg will produce a male or a femalc and divide the quantity of food accordingly; she does not change the species or size of the prey, but if the egg is male, she supplies it with five victims; if female, with teem.
    The regularity in the action of the wasp makes this last case less convincing than the one which follows. Here the action of the bird seems to border on the conscious.
    A landowner was determined to shoot a crew which made its nest in the watchtower of his estate. Repeatedly he tried to surprise the bird. But in vain: at the approach of man the crow would leave its nest. From a distant tree it would watchfully wait until the man had left the tower and then return to its nest. One day the landowner hit upon an idea: two men entered the tower, one remained within, the other came out and went on. But the bird was not deceived: it kept away until the man within came out. The experiment was repeated on the succeeding days with two, three, then four men, yet without success. Finally, five men were sent: as before, all entered the tower, and one remained while the other four came out and went away. Here the crow lost count. Unable to distinguish between four and five, it promptly returned to its nest. [br] The author feels that the number sense displayed by Genus Eumenus is ______.
选项 A、more remarkable than that of a crow
B、less convincing an instance than that displayed by the crow
C、actually not an instance of what the author is discussing
D、restricted to the female of this species
答案 B
解析 过渡段第四段中作者对上面所引用黄蜂的例子与下面将要讲到的乌鸦的例子哪个更有说明力作了对比，从中可知作者认为乌鸦的事例更能说明动物的Number Sense。
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