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  3. People have wondered for a long time how their personalities and behaviors a

People have wondered for a long time how their personalities and behaviors a

游客2024-05-20  40
问题     People have wondered for a long time how their personalities and behaviors are formed. It is not easy to explain why one person is intelligent and another is not,【C1】______why one is cooperative and another is competitive.
    Social scientists are, of course, extremely interested in these types of questions. They want to explain why we possess certain characteristics and【C2】______certain behaviors. There are no【C3】______answers yet, but two distinct schools of thought on the matter have【C4】______. As one might expect, the two【C5】______are very different from one another, and there is a great deal of【C6】______between proponents (支持者 ) of each theory. The controversy is often【C7】______to as "nature vs. nurture".
    Those who support the "nature" side of the conflict believe that our personalities and behavior patterns are【C8】______determined by biological and【C9】______factors. That our environment has【C10】______. if anything, to do with our abilities, characteristics and behaviors is central to this theory. Taken to an extreme, this theory maintains that our behavior is predetermined【C11】______such a great degree that we are almost completely 【C12】______ by our instincts.
    Proponents of the "nurture" theory, or,【C13】______they are often called, behaviorists, claim that our environment is more important than our biologically based instincts in【C14】______how we will act. A behaviorist, B.F. Skinner, sees humans as beings whose behavior is almost completely【C15】______by their surroundings. The behaviorists’ view of the human being is quite mechanistic; they【C16】______that, like machines, humans【C17】______to environmental stimuli as the【C18】______of their behavior.
    【C19】______of these theories can yet fully explain human behavior. In fact, it is quite likely that the key to our behavior【C20】______somewhere between these two extremes. That the controversy will continue for a long time is certain. [br] 【C8】
选项 A、exactly
B、really
C、largely
D、enormously
答案 C
解析 语义衔接题。由下文的进一步解释中提到的a great degree和almost completely可知，这里说的应该是性格和行为模式主要由生物因素决定，故答案为[C]largely“主要地，在很大程度上”。[D]enormously“巨大地”没有体现出人的本能和天性所起的主导作用，故排除；[A]exactly“完全地”与下文中的almost completely不符，太过绝对，故排除；[B]really“实际上”。
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