首页
登录
职称英语
When social scientists use the term culture they tend to be talking about a
When social scientists use the term culture they tend to be talking about a
游客
2024-05-07
2
管理
问题
When social scientists use the term culture they tend to be talking about a less restrictive concept than that implied in everyday speech. In social science, culture is all that in human society which is socially rather than biologically transmitted, whereas the commonsense usage tends to【C1】______ only to the arts. Culture is thus a general term for the symbolic and learned aspects of human society, although some animal behaviourists now【C2】______ that certain primates (灵长类动物) have at least the capacity for culture.
Social anthropological ideas of culture are based to a great【C3】______ on the definition given by Edward Tylor in 1871, in which he referred to a learned complex of knowledge, belief, art, morals, law, and custom. This definition implies that culture and civilization are one and the same. But this equation, although possible in English and French usage, runs【C4】______ to the German distinction between Kultur and Zivilisation, the former referring to symbols and values, while the latter deals with the organization of society. Archaeological usage, though【C5】______ the wholeness of human societies, makes a distinction between material culture and practices and beliefs, the non-material or adaptive culture transmitted by teaching and tradition. Only material culture is【C6】______ to archaeology, whereas adaptive culture is the subject of history, sociology, and anthropology.
For nineteenth century anthropologists, such as Tylor and Lewis Henry Morgan, culture was a conscious creation of human rationality. Civilization and culture, in this conception, showed a progressive tendency towards what were regarded as higher moral values, and this enabled the Victorian mind to construct a【C7】______ of cultures or civilizations which provided a rationale for colonial activities by apparently higher-order Western civilizations.
In America, it is sometimes argued that the concept of culture can provide ways of explaining and understanding human behaviour, belief systems, values, and【C8】______ , as well as particular culturally specific personality types.
In cultural anthropology, analysis of culture may proceed at three levels: learned patterns of behaviour; aspects of culture that act below conscious levels (such as the deep level of grammar and【C9】______ in language, of which a native language speaker is seldom aware); and patterns of thought and 【C10】______ , which are also culturally determined.
A. ideologies I. extent
B. perception J. counter
C. hierarchy K. dissipate
D. junk L. acknowledging
E. grandeur M. teeming
F. point N. accessible
G. syntax O. assert
H. forfeit [br] 【C7】
选项
答案
C
解析
hierarchy名词,意为“等级”。本句的意思是这使英国维多利亚王朝的才智出众者构建了文化等级,从而为似乎是为高人一等的西方文明的殖民行为提供了逻辑依据。
转载请注明原文地址:https://www.tihaiku.com/zcyy/3587320.html
相关试题推荐
OntheLosingofTraditionalCulture1.现在许多传统文化正慢慢消失2.传统文化消失的原因3.我的看法
Cultureshockisaspecialdiseaseforpeoplewhohavesuddenlymovedtoaf
Cultureshockisaspecialdiseaseforpeoplewhohavesuddenlymovedtoaf
Cultureshockisaspecialdiseaseforpeoplewhohavesuddenlymovedtoaf
Cultureshockisaspecialdiseaseforpeoplewhohavesuddenlymovedtoaf
Cultureshockisaspecialdiseaseforpeoplewhohavesuddenlymovedtoaf
Cultureshockisaspecialdiseaseforpeoplewhohavesuddenlymovedtoaf
Cultureshockisaspecialdiseaseforpeoplewhohavesuddenlymovedtoaf
Toanyonepayingattentionthesedays,it’sclearthatsocialmediaarechan
[originaltext]Cultureisaverybroadtermusedtodescribethearts,theb
随机试题
[originaltext]M:We’rehavingadebateonadvertisingThursdayeveningandIha
OneofLondonZoo’srecentadvertisementscausedmesomeirritation,sopaten
[originaltext]M:Goodmorning!HowcanIhelpyou?W:Goodmorning.[1]I’dlike
[originaltext]M:I’dliketotakeDr.Hopper’ssectionofPhysics100,butmya
Oneofthebiggestvariableswhenflying,isthecompanythatyou’reforced
歌剧《茶花女》是__________的作品。()A.托尔斯泰 B.狄更斯
自动售货机根据库存、存放货币量、找零能力、所选项目等不同,在货币存入并进行选择时
医院药事管理的基础是A、预防医学 B、临床药学 C、临床医学 D、医学伦理
起效速度同静脉注射的是A.口服给药B.肺部吸入给药C.经皮全身给药D.静脉注射给
根据下列资料回答问题。 以下为某省的人口失业率图表。其中,黑色部分表示该省全省
最新回复
(
0
)