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  3. The idea of taxing things that are bad for society has a powerful allure. It

The idea of taxing things that are bad for society has a powerful allure. It

游客2024-03-11  53
问题    The idea of taxing things that are bad for society has a powerful allure. It offers the possibility of a double benefit—【C1】______harmful activities, while also providing the government with revenue.
   Take sin taxes. Taxes on alcohol make it more expensive to get drunk, which reduces excessive drinking and【C2】______driving. At the same time, they provide state and local governments with billions of dollars of revenue. Tobacco taxes, which generate more than twice as much, have proven【C3】______in the decline of smoking, which has saved millions of lives.
   Taxes can also be an important tool for environmental protection, and many economists say taxing carbon would be the best way to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Economic theory says that unlike income or sales taxes, carbon taxes can actually increase economic efficiency; because companies that【C4】______carbon dioxide into the sky don’t pay the costs of the climate change they cause, carbon taxes would restore the proper【C5】______to the market.
   In reality, carbon taxes alone won’t be enough to halt global warming, but they would be a useful part of any climate plan. What’s more, the revenue from this tax, which would【C6】______be hundreds of billions of dollars per year, could be handed out to citizens as a【C7】______or used to fund green infrastructure projects.
   Similarly, a wealth tax has been put forward as a way to reduce inequality while raising revenue. The revenue from this tax, which some experts【C8】______will be over $4 trillion per decade, would be designated for housing, child care, health care and other government benefits. If you believe, as many do, that wealth inequality is【C9】______bad, then these taxes improve society while also【C10】______government coffers (金库).
   A) discouraging F) imprisoned K) merging
   B) dividend G) incentives L) predict
   C) emotional H) inherently M) probably
   D) fragments I) initially N) pump
   E) impaired J) instrumental O) swelling [br] 【C8】
选项
答案 L
解析 [语法判断]空格位于which引导的定语从句中，空格前面是名词词组some experts，后面是定语从句的谓语部分，由此可知some experts与空格处的词构成主谓结构，作为插入语，而不影响which引导的定语从句的完整性，故应填入动词，并应使用现在时。[语义判断]句子主干指出，这项税收可用于住房、儿童保育、医疗保健和其他政府福利。which引导的定语从句指出，这项税收超过4万亿美元。备选的动词原形只有L)predict“预言，预测”和N)pump“输送；从地下抽出”，将predict填入空格符合句意，表示这项税收的数量是专家预测的。
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