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Mindfulness—paying attention to one’s current experience in a non-judgmental

游客2024-03-07  27
问题     Mindfulness—paying attention to one’s current experience in a non-judgmental way—might help us to learn more about our own personalities, according to a new article published in the March 2013 issue of Perspectives on Psychological Science, a journal of the Association for Psychological Science.
    Recent research has highlighted the fact that we have many blind spots when it comes to understanding our patterns of thinking, feeling, and behaving. Despite our intuition that we know ourselves the best, other people have a more accurate view of some traits (e.g., intellect) than we do. In some cases, blind spots in self-knowledge can have negative consequences, such as poor decision-making, poor academic achievement, emotional and interpersonal problems, and lower life satisfaction.
    In this new article, psychological scientist Erika Carlson of Washington University in St. Louis explores one potential strategy for improving self-knowledge: mindfulness.
    Mindfulness—a technique often recognized for its positive effects on mental health—involves paying attention to your current experience (e.g., thoughts, feelings) and observing it in a nonjudgmental manner.
    According to Carlson, these two components of mindfulness, attention and non-judgmental observation, can overcome the major barriers to knowing ourselves. She argues that the motivation to see ourselves in a desirable way is one of the main obstacles to self-knowledge. For instance, people may overestimate their virtuous qualities to ward °ff negative feelings or boost self-esteem. However, nonjudgmental observation of one’s thoughts, feelings, and behavior, might reduce emotional reactivity—such as feelings of inadequacy or low self-esteem—that typically interferes with people seeing the truth about themselves.
    Lack of information is another barrier to self-knowledge—in some situations, people might not have the information they would need to accurately assess themselves. For instance, we have a hard time observing much of our nonverbal behavior, so we may not know that we’re making faces or fidgeting (坐立不安的) during a serious conversation. Mindfulness could also help in this domain, as research has shown that mindfulness training is associated with greater bodily awareness.
    Drawing from cognitive, clinical, and social psychology, Carlson outlines a theoretical link between mindfulness and self-knowledge that suggests focusing our attention on our current experiences in a nonjudgmental way could be an effective tool for getting to know ourselves better. [br] What’s the main obstacle to self-knowledge according to Carlson?
选项 A、The desire to see oneself in an ideal way.
B、People overlooking their bad behaviour to avoid bad feelings.
C、Blind spots in self-knowledge causing negative consequences.
D、Nonjudgmental observation reducing emotional reactivity.
答案 A
解析 细节题。根据题干中的the main obstacle to self-knowledge可定位到原文第五段第二句。该句提到，她强调，自我认知的最大障碍之一就是用理想的方式看待自己的动机。选项A符合。选项B文章未提及，选项C是自我认知黑洞造成的结果，选项D是不加评判地观察对情绪反应的作用，均排除。
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