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  3. The settlement of the United States has occupied traditional historians sinc

The settlement of the United States has occupied traditional historians sinc

游客2024-01-13  39
问题     The settlement of the United States has occupied traditional historians since 1893 when Frederick Jackson Turner developed his Frontier Thesis, a thesis that explained American development in terms of westward expansion. From the perspective of women’ s history, Turner’ s exclusively masculine assumptions constitute a major drawback: his defenders and critics alike have reconstructed men’ s, not women’ s, lives on the frontier. However, precisely because of this masculine orientation, revising the Frontier Thesis by focusing on women’s experience introduces new themes into women’ s history—woman as lawmaker and entrepreneui—and, consequently, new interpretations of women’s relationship to capital, labor, and statute.
    Turner claimed that the frontier produced the individualism that is the hallmark of American culture, and that this individualism in turn promoted democratic institutions and economic equality. He argued for the frontier as an agent of social change. Most novelists and historians writing in the early to mid-twentieth century who considered women in the West, when they considered women at all, fell under Turner’ s spell. In their works these authors tended to glorify women’ s contributions to frontier life. Western women, in Turnerian tradition, were a fiercely independent, capable, and durable lot, free from the constraints binding their eastern sisters. This interpretation implied that the West provided a congenial environment where women could aspire to their own goals, free from constrictive stereotypes and sexist attitudes. In Turnerian terminology, the frontier had furnished " a gate of escape from the bondage of the past. "
    By the middle of the twentieth century, the Frontier Thesis fell into disfavor among historians. Later, Reactionist writers took the view that fron- tier women were lonely, displaced persons in a hostile milieu that intensified the worst aspects of gender relations. The renaissance of the feminist movement during the 1970’s led to the Sta- sist school, which sidestepped the good bad dichotomy and argued that frontier women lived lives similar to the live of women in the East. In one now-standard text, Faragher demonstrated the persistence of the "cult of true womanhood" and the illusionary quality of change on the westward journey. Recently the Stasist position has been revised but not entirely discounted by new research. [br] Which of the following best describes the organization of the passage?
选项 A、A current interpretation of a phenomenon is described and then ways in which it was developed are discussed.
B、Three theories are presented and then a new hypothesis that discounts those theories is described.
C、An important theory and its effects are discussed and then ways in which it has been revised are described.
D、A controversial theory is discussed and then viewpoints both for and against it are described.
E、A phenomenon is described and then theories concerning its correctness are discussed.
答案 C
解析 本文结构，主要内容：A．现象的解释及其发展轨迹。无。B．“a new hypothesis that discounts those theories”文中未提。C．正确。重要理论及其效果被讨论，再指出其后对其修正的方式。理论指的即Turner的边疆理论。修正即其后两种观点。D．提一引起争论的观点，然后给出赞成、反对意见。无。E．描述现象，针对其正确性的理论讨论。无。
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