2. 职称英语
  3. Although social learning (the acquisition of specific behaviors by observing

Although social learning (the acquisition of specific behaviors by observing

游客2024-01-10  36
问题     Although social learning (the acquisition of specific behaviors by observing other individuals exhibiting those behaviors) is well documented among fish, few studies have investigated social learning within a developmental context in these taxa. Rather than investigating the development of a particular skill, Chapman, Ward, and Krause investigated the role of group density during development in later foraging success in laboratory-housed guppies. When raised with a small number of conspecifics (members of the same species), guppies were quicker to locate food by following a trained adult guppy than were guppies raised in large groups. This counterintuitive finding is explained by the fact that guppies reared in the high density condition were less likely to shoal (swim in a group) with others and, therefore, were less likely to learn the benefits of social learning. Instead, fish reared in high-density situations may learn that conspecifics are to be viewed as competitors, rather than as potential sources of adaptive information. This finding suggests that at least for guppies, the early social environment may have an effect on the capacity for social learning, if not on the socially learned behaviors themselves. [br] The primary purpose of the passage is to
选项 A、note a flaw in a scientific finding
B、describe a particular scientific study
C、present an interpretation of a finding
D、note a difference between two scientific findings
E、contrast two conditions in which a particular phenomenon has been observed
答案 C
解析 本题属于主旨题，正确答案是文章3s版本，选项C正确。a finding指的是查普曼、沃德和克劳斯的发现。an interpretation对应四五两句给出的解读。A项文中未提及a flaw。B项本文不仅仅描述了查普曼、沃德和克劳斯的研究发现，更重要的在于对其进行解读。D项文章只有一项科学发现。E项属于细节，不是文章主旨。
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