2. 职称英语
  3. After 1785, the production of children’s books in the Untied States in

After 1785, the production of children’s books in the Untied States in

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问题           After 1785, the production of children’s books in the Untied States increased but
      remained largely reprints of British books, often those published by John Newbery, the
      first publisher to produce books aimed primarily at diverting a child audience. Ultimately,
      however, it was not the cheerful, commercial-minded Newhery, but Anglo-Irish author
5     Maria Edgeworth who had the strongest influence on this period of American children’s
      literature. The eighteenth century had seen a gradual shift away from the spiritual intensity
      of earlier American religious writings for children, toward a more generalized moralism.
      Newbery notwithstanding, Americans still looked on children’s books as vehicles for
      instruction, not amusement, though they would accept a moderate amount of fictional
10    entertainment for the sake of more successful instruction. As the children’s book market
      expanded, then, what both public and publishers wanted was the kind of fiction Maria
      Edgeworth wrote: stories interesting enough to attract children and morally instructive
      enough to allay adult distrust of fiction,
          American reaction against imported books for children set in after the War of 1812
15    with the British. A wave of nationalism permeated everything, and the self-conscious new
      nation found foreign writings (particularly those from the British monarchy) unsuitable for
      the children of a democratic republic, a slate of self-governing, equal citizens. Publishers
      of children’s books began to encourage American writers to write for American children.
      When they responded, the pattern established by Maria Edgeworth was at hand, attractive
20    to most of them for both its rationalism and its high moral tone. Early in the 1820’s,
      stories of willful children learning to obey, of careless children learning to take care,
      of selfish children learning to "tire for others," started to flow from American presses,
      successfully achieving Edgeworth’s tone, though rarely her lively style. Imitative as
      they were, these early American stories wee quite distinguishable from their British
25    counterparts. Few servants appeared in them, and if class distinctions had by no means
      disappeared, there was much democratic insistence on the worthiness of every level of
      birth and work. The characters of children in this fiction were serious, conscientious.
      self-reflective, and independent-testimony to the continuing influence of the earlier
      American moralistic tradition in children’s books.
选项 A、The career of Maria Edgeworth as an author of children’s books
B、The development of children’s literature in the United States
C、Successful publishers of children’s books in Britain and North America
D、Basic differences between British and American literature for children
答案 B
解析
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