首页
登录
职称英语
The ancient reputation of Vikings as bloodthirsty raiders on cold northern se
The ancient reputation of Vikings as bloodthirsty raiders on cold northern se
游客
2023-12-22
7
管理
问题
The ancient reputation of Vikings as bloodthirsty raiders on cold northern seas has undergone a radical change in recent decades. A kinder, gentler, and more fashionable Viking emerged. But our view of the Norse may be about to alter course again as scholars turn their gaze to a segment of Viking society that has long remained in the shadows.
Archaeologists are using recent findings and analysis of previous discoveries—from iron collars in Ireland to possible plantation houses in Sweden—to illuminate the role of slavery in creating and maintaining the Viking way of life.
Scandinavian slavery still echoes in the English language today. The expression "to be held in thrall," meaning to be under someone’s power, traces back to the Old Norse term for a slave: thrall.
Slavery in the region long predates the Vikings. There is evidence of vast economic disparity as early as the first century A. D. , with some people living with animals in barns while others live nearby in large, prosperous homes. Ancient chronicles long mentioned that people, as well as precious objects, were a target of the Viking raids that began in 793 A. D. at the Scottish monastery of Lindisfarne. The Annals of Ulster record "a great booty of women" taken in a raid near Dublin in 821 A. D. , while the same account contends that 3,000 people were captured in a single attack a century later.
Neil Price, an archaeologist at Sweden’s Uppsala University, suspects that "slavery was a very significant motivator in raiding. " One key factor may have been a dire need for women. Some scholars believe that the Vikings were a polygamous society that made it hard for non-elites to find brides. That may have driven the raids and ambitious exploration voyages for which Vikings are best known. Some genetic studies, for example, suggest that a majority of Icelandic women are related to Scottish and Irish ancestors who likely were raid booty.
As Viking fleets expanded, so did the need for wool to produce the sails necessary to power the ships. This also may have driven the need for slaves. The pressing need for wool production likely led to a plantation-like economy, a topic now being studied by researchers. For example, at a Swedish site called Sanda, researchers in the 1990s found a great hall surrounded by small houses. Some Swedish archaeologists now believe this could have been a Viking plantation with slaves as the labor force. "What you likely have is a slave-driven production of textiles," said Price. "We can’t really know who is making the cloth, but the implications are clear. "
William Fitzhugh, an archaeologist at the Smithsonian Institution, added that "female slaves were concubines, cooks, and domestic workers. " Male thralls likely were involved in cutting trees, building ships, and rowing those vessels for their Viking masters. Other studies suggest that Viking slaves were sometimes sacrificed when their masters died, and they ate poorly during their lives. [br] According to the passage, the signs of Scandinavian slavery can be found from the following sources EXCEPT______.
选项
A、the English language
B、An Icelandic history book
C、archeological findings
D、genetic studies
答案
B
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://www.tihaiku.com/zcyy/3296716.html
相关试题推荐
TherearemanytheoriesaboutthebeginningofdramainancientGreece.The
TherearemanytheoriesaboutthebeginningofdramainancientGreece.The
TherearemanytheoriesaboutthebeginningofdramainancientGreece.The
TheancientreputationofVikingsasbloodthirstyraidersoncoldnorthernse
TheancientreputationofVikingsasbloodthirstyraidersoncoldnorthernse
TheancientreputationofVikingsasbloodthirstyraidersoncoldnorthernse
TheancientChineseboardgameGowasinventedlongbeforetherewasanywrit
TheancientChineseboardgameGowasinventedlongbeforetherewasanywrit
Homosapienswerenotalwayssospecial.Intheancientpast,otherhumanfor
Homosapienswerenotalwayssospecial.Intheancientpast,otherhumanfor
随机试题
对图书馆工作系统进行分解,一般可将图书馆自动化集成管理系统划分为文献采访子系统、
金融风险管理的原则有()。A.全面风险管理原则 B.垂直管理原则 C.独立
关于房地产估价的方法,下列说法错误的是()。A.市场法适用的对象是交易活跃
地方政府专项债券的规模( )。A.自行决定 B.不得超过财政部确定的本地区专
反映肝细胞受损、膜通透性增加的血清酶是A.ALP B.GGT C.CHE
37.一个工作负责人不能同时执行多张工作票,工作票上所列的工作地点,以一个电气连
李老师多次得过全省教学比赛一等奖,35岁就评上了高级职称。在学校里还是其他年轻老
我国宪法的修改,由全国人民代表大会以全体代表的()以上的多数通过A.二分之一
下列属于网络计划的优化的有( )。A.时间优化 B.工期优化 C.费用优化
在非金属管道中,属于无机非金属材料的管道是( )。A.混凝土管 B.塑料管
最新回复
(
0
)