2. 职称英语
  3. The physical distance between speakers can indicate a number of things and can a

The physical distance between speakers can indicate a number of things and can a

游客2023-12-04  82
问题 The physical distance between speakers can indicate a number of things and can also be used to consciously send messages about intent. Closeness, for example, indicates intimacy or threat to many speakers whilst distance may denote formality or a lack of interest. Proximity is also both a matter of personal style and is often culture-bound so that what may seem normal to a speaker from one culture may appear unnecessarily close or distant to a speaker from another. And standing close to someone may be quite appropriate in some situations such as an informal party,  but completely out of place in others, such as meeting with a superior.
Posture can convey meaning too. Hunched shoulders and a hanging head give a powerful indication of mood. A lowered head when speaking to a superior (with or without eye contact) can convey the appropriate relationship in some cultures.
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答案 谈话者之间的身体距离可以说明很多东西，也可以用来有意识地传递信息，表明意图。例如，对于许多谈话者而言，靠得近意味着关系亲密或者构成威胁，而离得远则表明态度正式或者缺乏兴趣。而且靠近程度不仅仅是个人风格，还常常与文化紧密相联。因此，同一距离，对于有相同文化的人来说可能再正常不过，但是对于拥有另外一种文化的人来说也许就显得太远或者太近。在一些场合中，比如非正式的聚会，站得近些无可厚非。但是在其他场合，比如说见上级的时候，站得太近就完全不合适。
    体态也可以传递信息。拱起的肩膀，垂着的脑袋，会给人强烈的情绪暗示。在一些文化中，跟上级讲话时低着头(不论是否有眼神接触)可以表达相应的关系。
解析 1．第一段第一句中的send messages about intent可分译为两个四字格“传递信息，表明意图”。
2．第一段第二句较长，应把物称主语Closeness换成人称主语“许多谈话者”；intimacy，threat，formality，lack of interest这四个名词短语可以按照汉语动态化的习惯，转化为动词短语，译为“关系亲密”“构成威胁”“态度正式”“缺乏兴趣”。
3．第一段第三句，…so that what may seem normal to a speaker from one culture may appearunnecessarily close or distant to a speaker from another中的what应作具体化引申，言明其所指，并根据上下文，增译作“同一距离”。
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