Consumers and producers obviously make decisions that mold the economy, but

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问题 Consumers and producers obviously make decisions that mold the economy, but there is a third major(1)_____ to consider: the role of government. Government has a powerful(2)_____ on the economy in at least four ways:
Direct Services. The postal system, for example, is a federal system(3)_____ the entire nation, as is the large and complex establishment. Conversely the (4)_____ and maintenance of most highways is the responsibility of the individual states, and the public educational systems,(5)_____ a large funding role by the federal government, are primarily(6)_____ for by state or city governments. Police and fire protection and sanitation services are(7)_____ the responsibilities of local government.
Regulation and Control. The government regulates and controls private(8)_____, in many ways, for the(9)_____ of assuring that business serves the best interests of the people(10)_____ a whole. Regulation is necessary in areas(11)_____ private enterprise is granted a monopoly, such as in telephone or electric service. Public policy(12)_____ such companies to make a reasonable profit,(13)_____ limits their ability to raise prices unfairly, since the public depends on their services. Often control is exercised to protect the public, as for example, when the Food and Drug Administration bans(14)_____ drugs, or requires standards of (15)_____ in food.
Stabilization and Growth. Branches of government including Congress attempt to control the extremes of boom and bust of inflation and depression, by(16)_____ tax rates, the money supply, and the use of credit. They can also(17)_____ the economy through changes in the amount of public spending by the government itself.
Direct Assistance. The government(18)_____ businesses and individuals with many kinds of help. For example, tariffs permit certain products to remain relatively(19)_____ of foreign competition; imports are sometimes taxed(20)_____ American products are able to compete better with certain foreign goods. [br] (16)

选项 A、applauding
B、assessing
C、ascending
D、adjusting

答案 D

解析介词by引导的短语表方式，由空格前的control…可知此处是表示“控制通胀引起的繁荣和通缩引起的经济萧条的手段”，“调整税率”是一种手段，故选adjusting“调整”。

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