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  3. The average automatic teller machine(ATM)is not very smart. It will give mon

The average automatic teller machine(ATM)is not very smart. It will give mon

游客2023-10-17  32
问题     The average automatic teller machine(ATM)is not very smart. It will give money to anyone who has the right card and punches four or five keys in the right order. Some analysts estimate that as many as 30% of ATM transactions worldwide are cases of theft. To increase security at cash machines , some banks have tried to make their ATMs a little smarter. A small camera on the machine looks directly into the eye of every customer. It scans one iris and compares the tiny patterns of ridges, dots, and other features to a code in its computer. If there is a match, the ATM will start counting out cash. If not, a message is automatically sent to the nearest police station.
    Iris-scanning is one fast-growing form of biometric identification—determining who someone is by examining features of the body. One of the earliest biometric techniques was fingerprinting. The lines on fingertips are unique to each person, so not even identical twins have the same fingerprints. Fingerprinting has become famous as a way of finding out who committed a crime, but it very often fails. A careful criminal can wear gloves, avoid touching things, or even alter his fingerprints by burning, cutting, or scraping them. In the search for a more reliable system, security experts have focused on the eye.
    Like a fingerprint, every iris is, for all practical purposes, unique. Each person’s right iris is e-ven different from his or her left one. A low-cost digital camera, like the kind installed at ATM machines, can easily detect hundreds of different features in the iris. The chance of two irises having the same features is close to zero. Tests have shown that iris-scanners are very hard to fool. They can tell the difference between a real iris and a false one. They can see right through coloured contact lenses, eyeglasses, and even mirrored sunglasses. Although many criminals are willing to burn or cut their fingers in pursuit of the perfect crime, few would be willing or able to alter their irises.
    To make iris-scanning work, a computerized database has to match certain iris features with certain people. This means that each ATM customer has to allow a bank to photograph his or her iris and keep that highly personal information in a computer. Some people have worried, however, that an increased use of iris-scanning will lead to a dangerous loss of privacy. By mounting iris-scan cameras in public places, governments could track a private citizen all day long without the person’s knowledge. This would be a great advantage to the police, but it could also give corrupt officials a new way to control their opponents. The military’s development of tiny robots suggests that government iris-scanners could even invade private homes!
    ATM transactions are often cases of theft, where an unauthorized user takes【A1】______. To decrease insecurity, some banks have installed iris-scanning machines at ATMs. These small cameras scan the user’s iris, recording its features and【A2】______them to a digital fde. Every person has a【A3】______iris, making iris identification highly reliable. Earlier efforts at bio-metric identification often relied on fingerprints. However, fingerprints can easily be【A4】______through cutting, burning or scraping. Iris scanners are so effective that they can even see through contact lenses and mirrored sunglasses. Use of iris scanners would provide great ad-vantages to the police. However, others worry about a loss of【A5】______ [br] 【A4】
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解析 (文章第二段倒数第二句话提到A careful criminal can wear gloves，avoid touching things，or even alter his fingerprints by burning，cutting，or scraping them，由此可知指纹能够很轻易地被改变。)
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