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  3. Boston—Many college students today struggle with cheating. The Internet offe

Boston—Many college students today struggle with cheating. The Internet offe

游客2023-10-15  55
问题     Boston—Many college students today struggle with cheating. The Internet offers many temptations—there are term papers for sale along with articles and news reports that can be copied for free with the click of a mouse. It is not surprising that cheating is sometimes difficult to resist.

    【B1】______ Polly Sanders, a student at a small liberal arts college, knows that handing in a paper from the Internet is plagiarism. But what about using a paragraph? She admits that she has often taken a paragraph and changed a few words to make it "her" own work. That’s not plagiarizing, is it? Polly may not know it but, according to her college, it is.
    【B2】______ This uncertainty is partly due to the fact that standards are changing. A 2001 survey by the Center for Academic Integrity shows cheating is becoming acceptable. The survey found that 41 percent of students believe that plagiarism is common. Perhaps most worrying was the 27 percent who said that falsifying laboratory data happens " often or very often" on campus. It’s hard to believe that all of these young scientists change their ways after graduation.
    【B3】______ Some administrators use sophisticated computer search engines to find Internet plagiarists. However, many other colleges are using honor codes to combat cheating. An effective honor code clearly describes the boundaries of legitimate and illegitimate work. In addition, it sets the penalties for breaking it. Educators say that the simple act of students signing the honor code makes a difference. "It’s a psychological effect: if people expect you to be honorable, you are more likely to respond with honorable behavior," says Nannerl O. Keohane, the president of Duke University in North Carolina.
    Honor codes are becoming more and more popular across the United States. The University of North Carolina and the University of Maryland give cheaters grades of XF to indicate failure because of cheating. Cornell University rewrote its honor code in 2000 and now requires teaching assistants and freshmen to take courses that teach them what cheating is and how to avoid it.
    【B4】______ They may offer students more freedom, but, if they do not obey, the punishment is severe. For example, the honor code at Wellesley College in Massachusetts allows students to take exams when and where they want. The students simply inform the teacher when they will be taking the exam. Then they can choose to go wherever they want. The students are trusted, but if they are caught cheating, the punishment can be severe.
    【B5】______ University officials think that there are different reasons for this phenomenon. " The feeling of being treated as an adult and responding in kind," Professor McCabe says, "it’s clearly there for many students. They don’t want to violate that trust. "
Questions 61 to 65
Choose from the sentences A—G the one which best fits each gap of 61—65. There are two extra sentences which you do not need to use.
A. If students are becoming less concerned about the ramifications of cheating, colleges and universities are working harder to catch the cheaters.
B. If she gets caught, she’ll receive a failing grade or maybe be thrown out of school.
C. A culture where people are genuinely offended by cheating have to be built.
D. Polly is not the only student who isn’t sure what’s cheating and what isn’t.
E. Some people say that simply putting in an honor code won’t solve the problem, but several studies since the 1960s have shown that schools without honor codes tend to have about twice as much cheating as those with honor codes in place.
F. Furthermore, students often do not understand exactly what constitutes cheating.
G. Honor codes can be both a carrot and a stick. [br] 【B4】
选项
答案 G
解析 本段提到“既要给学生们自由，又要对作弊的人严惩”。G选项中“can be both a carrotand a stick”是一种暗喻，指的是用惩罚和奖励两种手段以诱发人们产生所要求的行为。G选项在这里正好符合段意。所以选G选项。
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