首页
登录
职称英语
Some people are accustomed to thinking that facts must either be believed or
Some people are accustomed to thinking that facts must either be believed or
游客
2023-09-16
10
管理
问题
Some people are accustomed to thinking that facts must either be believed or they must be disbelieved—as if beliefs were like a light switch with only two positions, on or off. My use of the bathtub hoax is intended to illustrate that belief does not have to operate as a simple yes or no choice, all or nothing. Belief can be more conditional; it can be something that we decide to have "up to a point" or "to a degree". And so, the question we might ask ourselves while reading does not have to be "Should I believe ’it or not?" but instead can be "How much should I believe it?" This later question implies that the belief we have in any given fact, or in any given idea, is not determined by whether it sounds right or whether the source is an authority. It means that our beliefs are determined by the reasons that justify them.
Belief is not a mechanical action, brought about by invariable rules of nature. It is a human activity, the exercise of judgment. With this in mind, we might say that we perform this action better when we know what the reasons are that have led to our belief, and why they are good reasons. These observations do not deprive us of our ability to believe in what we read. They are not intended to transform you from credulous believers into stubborn doubters.
The process of weighing beliefs against the quality of reasons is one that you already go through all the time, whether you are aware of it or not. We all do. The practice of critical reading is the exercise of this kind of judgment on purpose. By doing it, we protect ourselves from being led into belief for inadequate reasons, but at the same time we open up our minds to the possibility of arriving at belief for adequate ones. If we decide to grant or withhold consent based on the quality of the reasons that we are given, we admit at the same time that two things are possible: We admit that we might consent less in the future if we discover that the reasons are not so good after all; and we admit that we might consent more if we are ever presented with better reasons than we had formerly known. This attitude is not pure skepticism any more than it is pure credulity. It is somewhere in between. It is the attitude of an open-minded thinker, of someone who wishes to be responsible for deciding for herself or himself what to believe.
选项
A、belief is nothing but a light switch
B、facts must be believed unconditionally
C、nothing should be believed or disbelieved
D、belief is more than a simple yes or no choice
答案
D
解析
原文第一段第二句讲述了其用意所在;用来说明看法并不能简单地分为“对”或“不对”(intended to illustrate that belief does not have to operate as a simple yes or no choice…),故选D。A和B的观点都是作者所要反对的。C的内容过于绝对。与文章内容不符。
转载请注明原文地址:https://www.tihaiku.com/zcyy/3018890.html
相关试题推荐
[originaltext]M:(8)Icanseefromyourresumethatyoulikemeetingpeoplean
Manypeoplewholiveincitiessaythattheydislikecitylife.Theysaythe
Manypeoplewholiveincitiessaythattheydislikecitylife.Theysaythe
Manypeoplewholiveincitiessaythattheydislikecitylife.Theysaythe
Mostoftheretiredpeoplearehappy_____theirquietlifeinthecountryside.A、t
Themorechallengingthejourneyis,the(happy)______theyoungpeoplewillfeel.
Manypeoplehavefound_____uncomfortabletoholdthesamepositionforalongti
Americansdependontheircarsmorethananyotherpeople.Thefamilycarha
Americansdependontheircarsmorethananyotherpeople.Thefamilycarha
Ofallthepeoplearoundme,mymotheristhedearestIloveherandIenjoy
随机试题
为了正确计算成本,必须划分()的界限。A.产品制造成本与期间成本 B.完工产品
人体主要的造血原料是A.维生素B B.叶酸 C.蛋白质和铁 D.维生素B和
药物被吸收进入体循环的速度与程度是A.生物利用度 B.药-时曲线下面积 C.
鼻头干燥色黑如烟煤状多为A.阴毒冷极 B.阳毒热深 C.脾火津涸 D.阳明
急性肾炎患者反复发作慢性扁桃体炎,行扁桃体摘除的时机是 A.尿蛋白(-),尿红
服用金诺芬后至少每月检查一次的项目包括A.血常规 B.尿常规 C.血小板计数
某发电机通过一台分裂限流电抗器跨接于两段母线上,问该电抗器的分支额定电流一般按下
下列关于国际性招标的说法错误的是()。A.如果投标人未经资格预审,则评标的
在SDH保护环网结构中,利用()功能可以使得电路的安全可靠性大为提高。A.时隙
沥青的再生是沥青老化的逆过程,在已老化的旧沥青中加入再生剂,以改善()。A、胶
最新回复
(
0
)