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  3. The tragic impact of the modern city on the human being has killed his sense

The tragic impact of the modern city on the human being has killed his sense

游客2023-09-10  13
问题     The tragic impact of the modern city on the human being has killed his sense of aesthetics, the material benefits of a wealthy society have diverted his attention from his city and its cultural potentials to the products of science and technology: washing machines, central heating, TV sets, computers and cars.
    He is a car driver and reluctant to walk. Without adequate parking facilities, the streets are littered with cars. Congestion (堵塞) has become the predominant factor in his environment, and statistics suggest that two cars per household may make matters worse.
    Meanwhile, insult is added to injury by "land value". The value of land results from its use. When its use is intensified, its value rises. "Putting land to its highest and best use" becomes the principal economic standard in urban growth. This speculative approach and the pressure of increasing population leads to the "vertical" growth of cities with the result that people are forced to adjust themselves to congestion to maintain these relatively artificial land values. Paradoxically the remedy for removing congestion is to create more of it.  Partial decentralization in the form of large development units away from the traditional town centers only shifts the disease of congestion round the town center.
     It is within our power to build better cities and revive the pride of their citizens, but we shall have to stop operating on the fringe of the problem. We shall have radically to re-plan them to achieve a rational density of population. We shall have to provide them what can be called minimum "psychological elbow room". One of the ingredients of this will be proper transportation plans. These will have to be an integral part of the overall planning process which in itself is a scientific process where facts are essential. We must collect all and complete information about the city or the town, if we want to plan effectively.
    We must not forget that cities are built by people, and that their form and shape should be subject to the will of the people. Scientific methods of data collection and analysis will indicate trends, but they will not direct action. Scientific methods are only an instrument. The "man-educated" man, the human, will have to set the target, and using the results obtained by science, take upon himself the final shaping of his environment. He will have to use his moral sense of responsibility to the community and future generations. [br] The dramatic increase of land value in cities ______ .
选项 A、is a desirable result of economic development
B、brings about greater opportunities for land dealers
C、lead to an efficient, positive use of land in the form of vertical growth
D、is annoyingly artificial and meaningless
答案 D
解析 作者态度推论题。参见第三段倒数第二句：这种投机方式以及人口增长的压力造成城市的高空纵向发展，结果是人们被迫去适应拥堵，以维持这些人为提升的土地价值。该句中“speculative”“forced to”“artificial”等词体现了作者对地价增值的否定态度，故选D(城市地价的剧增是人为的、无意义的恼人现象)。选项A中的“desirable”与C中的“efficient”“positive”都不符合作者的态度。选项B可能有道理，但文中未提及。
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