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  3. People have wondered for a long time how their personalities and behavior

People have wondered for a long time how their personalities and behavior

游客2023-09-07  68
问题        People have wondered for a long time how their personalities and behaviors are formed. It is not easy to explain why one person is intelligent and another is not,or why one is 【C1】______ and another ’is competitive.
     Social scientists are, of course, extremely interested in these types of questions. They want to explain why we possess certain characteristics and 【C2】______ certain behaviors. There are no clear answers yet, but two 【C3】______ schools of thought on the matter have 【C4】______ . As one might expect, the two 【C5】______ are very different from one another, and there is a great deal of 【C6】______ between proponents (支持者) of each theory. The controversy is often 【C7】______ to as "nature vs nurture".
      Those who support the  "nature" side of the conflict believe that our personalities and behavior patterns are 【C8】______ determined by biological and 【C9】______ factors. That our environment has 【C10】______ , if anything, to do with our abilities, characteristics and behavior is central to this theory. Taken to an extreme, this theory maintains that our behavior is predetermined 【C11】______ such a great degree that we are almost completely 【C12】______ by our instincts.
      Proponents of the "nurture" theory, or, 【C13】______  they are often called, behaviorists, claim that our environment is more important than our biologically based instincts in determining 【C14】______ we will act. A behaviorist, B. F. Skinner, sees humans as beings whose behavior is almost completely 【C15】______  by their surroundings. The behaviorists’ view of the human being is quite 【C16】______ ; they maintain that, like machines, humans 【C17】______ to environmental stimuli as the 【C18】______ of their behavior.
       Neither of these theories can yet 【C19】______ explain human behavior. In fact, it is quite likely that the 【C20】______ to our behavior lies somewhere between these two extremes. That the controversy will continue for a long time is certain.   [br] 【C8】
选项 A、particularly
B、scarcely
C、largely
D、invariably
答案 C
解析 语义逻辑兼副词辨义题。由第4段首句“环境论者认为，环境的因素比基于本能的生物因素所起的作用更为重要”，这反过来说明，天性论者认为人的行为方式是由生物因素决定的。故应填入一个表肯定意义的副词。particularly“尤其，特别”，scarcely“几乎不”不符合句意。invariably“总是，不变地”，语气过于绝对，也不选。largely“很大程度上”为最佳答案。  
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