首页
登录
职称英语
Though explaining the entire human genetic blueprint is still a few years a
Though explaining the entire human genetic blueprint is still a few years a
游客
2023-09-02
10
管理
问题
Though explaining the entire human genetic blueprint is still a few years away, scientists have begun laying claim to the stretches of DNA whose codes they have succeeded in cracking. In recent years researchers have flooded the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office with applications for thousands of genes and gene fragments — and they have stirred a lot of controversy in the process.
The biggest problem with patenting genes is that while scientists have at least a general idea of what specific strands of genetic coding do, often it’s just that — general. Investigators do sometimes succeed in isolating a single, crisp gene with a single known function. Often, however, researchers trying to map genes get no further than marking off fragmentary stretches of DNA that may be thousands of bases in length. These so-called expressed sequence tags may have real genetic information embedded in them, but determining where those fragments are and what their structure is takes more digging. Geneticists have lately been filing patent applications for these ESTs anyway. "I would guess that in many cases the scientists didn’t even examine all the material," says Bruce Lehman, commissioner of the Patent and Trademark Office.
Not only can such filings be careless genetics, they can also be bad business. EST applications may lead to so-called submarine patents, claims that are made today and then vanish, only to reappear when some unsuspecting scientist finds something useful to do with genes hidden in the patent.
More troubling is an economic issue. If the entire genetic schematic is preemptively (抢先) owned by the research teams studying it now, where is the incentive for independent scientists — often sources of great innovation — to work on it later: Licensing costs, warns Jeffrey Kahn, director of the University of Minnesota’s Center for Bioethics, could hold medical progress hostage. Patenting supporters insist that an equally persuasive argument could be made that the large genome-mapping groups need patent protection to make their work worthwhile to them.
Stickier than the economic question is the ethical one. Most of us shrink from the idea of anyone’s owning the rights to any part of the human form. Besides, if the first anatomist (解剖学家) to spot, say, the pancreas (胰腺) was not granted title to it, why should modern genome mapping scientist be able to claim even a single gene: That kind of argument is grounded not in law but in the very idea of what it means to be human — an issue that even the highest federal court is not likely to settle. [br] Which of the following is true about the expressed sequence tags?
选项
A、They are difficult to mark off.
B、They contain unidentified genetic information.
C、They contain the entire human genetic information.
D、They are genes whose specific functions have been identified.
答案
B
解析
第二段第四句中出现题干中的短语expressed sequence tags,意为“有数千个碱基构成的基因串”,从takes more digging(费力)可知,确定基因的具体信息及其结构是相当困难的,即基因串中包含难以确定或分辨的基因信息,故B项为答案。
转载请注明原文地址:https://www.tihaiku.com/zcyy/2978949.html
相关试题推荐
Althoughclichés(陈词滥调)aboutthe"vulnerability"ofwomenintheeconomyha
Althoughclichés(陈词滥调)aboutthe"vulnerability"ofwomenintheeconomyha
Althoughclichés(陈词滥调)aboutthe"vulnerability"ofwomenintheeconomyha
Althoughtimeispressing,______(这个孩子还是孺子可教的).thekidiscapableofbeingtaught
There’sa______inthefactthatalthoughwe’relivinglongerthaneverbefore,
Hisblueprintofthecompanyiswritten_________andwontheapplaudoftheBoa
Althoughstudentsmaybeina______position,teachersshouldtreatthemasequ
Davidlikescountrylifeandhasdecidedto______farmingthoughhisfathersugg
Thoughheisonlysevenyearsold,hehasa______imagination.A、faithfulB、fert
Myparentsthoughtitwas_________foraboytobeinterestedinballet.A、novel
随机试题
1.题目:认识图形 2.内容 说一说,你身边哪些物体与上面这些形状相同。
对于在15天内付款的客户,公司给予2%的现金折扣。当客户超过15天付款时不恰当地
个人贷款的贷后与档案管理是指贷款发放后到合同终止期间对有关事宜的管理,包括(
舌的脏腑分布,舌尖属于( )。A.心肺 B.肺胃 C.肺肾 D.脾胃
患者,女性,42岁。甲状腺功能亢进症。行甲状腺大部切除术后,切口橡皮管引流。引流
2009年4月23日,中国人民解放军海军在()举行庆祝人民海军成立60周年海上阅
对于当今人类来说,重要的是要将自然看成我们的家。家,不只是物质性的概念,还是精神
近年来,银行案件时有发生,商业贿赂屡禁不止,这些现象的产生主要是由于( )。A.
李某与王某均系台商,二人因合同纠纷在台湾地区诉讼,李某胜诉后发现王某主要财产均在
共用题干 患者,女,43岁。右下腹持续性疼痛5天,伴恶心、呕吐,呕吐物为胃内容
最新回复
(
0
)