2. 职称英语
  3. I have been studying the nature of the "lower animals" and contrasting it wi

I have been studying the nature of the "lower animals" and contrasting it wi

游客2023-07-14  57
问题     I have been studying the nature of the "lower animals" and contrasting it with that of man. I find the result humiliating(使丢脸) to me. For it obliges me to give up my support for the Darwinian theory of the Ascent of Man from the Lower Animals; since it now seems plain to me that that theory ought to be replaced by a new and truer one, the Descent of Man from the Higher Animals.
    In proceeding towards this unpleasant conclusion I have not guessed or speculated, but have used what is commonly called the scientific method. That is to say, I have subjected every hypothesis to the test of actual experiment, and have adopted it or rejected it according to the result.
    Many men who have accumulated more money than they can ever use have shown a violent hunger for more, and have not hesitated to cheat the ignorant and the helpless of their poor savings in order to satisfy that appetite. I furnished a hundred different kinds of wild animals the opportunity to accumulate vast stores of food, but none of them would do it. The bees and certain birds made accumulations, but stopped when they had gathered a winter’s supply, and could not be persuaded to add to it either honestly or by deception. These experiments convinced me that there is the difference between man and the higher animals: he is greedy, they are not.
    Man is the only animal that robs his helpless fellow of his country—takes possession of it and drives him out of it or destroys him. Man has done this in all the ages. There is not an acre of ground on the globe that is held by its rightful owner, or that has not been taken away from owner after owner, by force and bloodshed.
    Man is the Reasoning Animal. Such is the claim. I think it is open to debate. Indeed, my experiments have proven to me that he is the Unreasoning Animal. His record is the fantastic record of a maniac(狂热者). I consider that the strongest count against his intelligence is the fact that with that record back of him he still sets himself up as the head animal of the lot: whereas by his own standards he is the bottom one.
选项 A、practical
B、objective
C、subjective
D、scientific
答案 D
解析 推断题。根据题干关键词theory定位于原文第一、二段。第二段开头有In proceeding towards this unpleasant conclusion看出第二段作者还是对自己理论的概括性说明。文章第一段中作者提出自己的理论，第二段中则提到：…而是用了通常所谓的科学方法…我已经将所有的假设应用到实验中，并根据实验结果采纳或摒弃它。可见作者认为自己的理论是“科学的”，选D。A意为“实用的”，原文并没有涉及理论的实用性。B有一定的干扰性，应注意的是“客观的”和“科学的”在意思上有一定的差距，并且原文第二段第一句话已经给出scientific method 怀疑态度这样的关键词，所以应排除B。C“主观的”，与原文意思冲突。
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